The Rough Sea :: Creative Writing Sailing Essays

The Rough SeaThe small whitecaps lapped against the starboard side and then retreated. It had been rough since the start and would be until they reached the mol in the harbor. Bob, finishing pulling on the ropes to raise the masts, turned towards the wheel and slowly turned around the rocks. He moved to the back of the boat and sat on the place where the lifejackets were kept. Near the masts vocal rocked up and down and up with the waves. It was a feeling like no other to him the fact that the gentle movements could turn rough at any cartridge clip gave him so much pleasure from the start of the charge to the finish. He loved to sail out as far as he could go aheadhand he got tired from the rocking motion and had to stop going farther. He loved trying to venture farther and farther out each time before he had to turn back his favorite fraction was the rough sea where the waves were rougher and rougher as he kept going. A sudden gust made him echo about turning back, but he k new that they had gone too far to turn back, and he knew he had to keep going until the waves had reached their peaks. Then they passed a part of the water where the waves suddenly stopped and quickly gave way to a very calm feeling inside of him so that he could relax and recollect the ride so far. That was a real surprise, wasnt it, Rob? Frank said. It got me, too. I wasnt ready for it, and it jumped me. Yep. Almost fell over when we hit it, Bob called back to his friend, straight near the bow of the boat. Hows the water look over there? Pretty good, but it looks like therere some rough caps ahead. They braced themselves as they passed over the rough caps, slowly moving around the biggest ones so that the craft wouldnt capsize. Bob kept a strong hold on the wheel and made sure that they would protest the waves. On the horizon they could see the buildings of the town. The sky had started to get dark. Both of them hoped it would not start to rain until they were in the harbor. The y could see the light starting to come from the breakwater lighthouse. Great day for sailing, Bob said to Frank.

Use of Symbols and Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Lette

Use of Symbols in The Scarlet Letter In many stories, symbols included by the author add deeper meaning. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one author who master the skill of using symbols effectively. The Scarlet Letter is regarded as a symbolic masterpiece due to Hawthornes exceptional use of the scarlet letter, the setting, and os as symbols. virtuoso of the main symbols of the novel is the basis for the title of the novel itself. Hester Prynnes scarlet letter is attached to her dress, and appears in fine red cloth surrounded with an elaborate embellishment with fantastic flourishes of gold thread (Hawthorne 60). The letter is said to have the effect of a spell, taking her disclose of the ordinary relations with humanity and enclosing her in a sphere by herself (Hawthorne 61). The letter seems to be the focal point of Hesters figure, and the townspeople obsess about the blazing red sign of her sin for a long time after Hesters ignominy. Hesters fantastically embellished r ed letter takes on many meanings as a symbol. The gold thread with which the letter is embroidered symbolizes Hesters mockery of the puritan way of punishment. A female spectator in the market place remarks, Why, gossips, what is it but to laugh in the faces of our godly magistrates, and make a pride out of what they ... meant for a punishment? (Hawthorne 61). The embellishment of the letter physically displays Hesters reaction to her punishment. Her strong will not only accepts the challenge that the puritan church has laid sooner her, but she also laughs in mockery at it. The scarlet letter also shows the triviality of the communitys system of punishment. Whenever Hester walks outside of her cottag... ...efers to her being a blessing to Hester. Pearl gives Hester a reason to live, and helps to keep Hesters spirits strong. Hawthornes use of symbols clearly enhances The Scarlet Letter. From the setting to the characters themselves, the novel is filled with symbols that work together to provide a deeper, allegoric meaning. The symbolism contained in Hawthornes works provokes much thought in the reader, through which the reader send word enjoy the story much more. For this reason, The Scarlet Letter can accurately be described as a symbolic masterpiece. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York Penguin Putnam Inc., 1980. Bradford, William. The Errand of the Early Puritans. Class handout. March 2002. Winthrop, John. Life in Puritan New England. Class handout. March 2002.

Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre vs. Boyz n the Hood :: Jane Eyre Essays

Jane Eyre vs. Boyz n the Hood   When people are making choices sometimes they dont think of how they could affect someone else. In the novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, Jane chooses to leave Mr. Rochester. In the movie Boyz n the Hood Tre decides not to participate in a shooting spree. He result of some choices could behave a bad aftermath, which not only affects the person deciding, but also the people around them.   The choices that Jane makes has different reactions, such as when she left Mr. Rochester, because she found that he was already married. It caused him to plummet into a deep state of depression. She only thought that she was betrayed, used, and it was a huge mistake. I was hateful n my own eyes. Still I could not turn, nor retrace on step.(210) Another one of her choices was when St. John asked her to marry him. Jane, come with me to India come as my help and fellow laborer. (273) This obviously shows that he didnt make do her. She made the choice not to g o with him as his helper. Her final decision was to try to find Mr.Rochester. She went to Thornfield and inquired about him. She found out where he was and went there as fast as she could. Delightful consciousness.(299) Your consciences will always be your guide to solving lifes problems.   In the movie Boyz n the Hood Tre also made some choices. For sample when he was in grade school he made a mistake when he started acting up in class, and when he got in trouble, he was sent to his fathers home. At his fathers house he learned responsibility and how to be a man. He regretted acting up in school, because now he had to fend the consequences by cleaning his fathers house. He also had the choice of who he hung out with. In his case you have to be very careful of who you hung out with, or you can get yourself into a lot of trouble. This is very prominent when Tre is walking with DoughBoys brother down an ally way. Tre wants to stick together, but his friend thinks it may be bette r to split up. In this case Tre is in the same predicament as when Jane decides to leave Mr. Rochester. Tre knows he is wrong but his friend persuades him that it would be better.

Carmen :: essays research papers

Car hands is a story about a girl who is only fourteen years old and she deals with sorrowful to a new neighborhood and her abusive, alcoholic father. As she deals with her fathers problems and her mothers denial she quickly falls into a life of drugs and despair, which pass on follow her throughout most of her life. It all starts with Carmen and her family moving from Brooklyn to New Jersey they find a bigger house and buy lavish furniture that they stubnot afford.Her tonic has unceasingly been an alcoholic, but lately he has become aggressive and lashes out at Carmen and her mother. After he tries to strangle Carmen she tries to streak away and finally succeeds on her flash attempt. Carmen then lives with her friend Lulu for a bandage and she becomes addicted to diacetylmorphine. Carmen meets two people through Lulu Nancy and Bud. Bud grows fond of Carmen and she decides to live with Bud who is a drug dealer, but after she repeatedly steals drugs from him, he kicks Carmen out. Carmen who has no place to go, walks around the subway for hours and Nancy recognizes her and offers Carmen a place to stay by introducing her to Hugh and Gene, they are two men that protect her and they are known as pimps. Carmen upsets to prostitution because it is the only way to pay for the drugs she uses. adept day Hugh is caught and charged with operating a billet illegally and Carmen becomes bored quickly and moves to the Bronx to find more work. Carmen then meets Vinnie, a man who enjoys her company and sometimes gives her money out of pity for her situation.Vinnie starts to use heroin while Carmen is away and he too becomes addicted to the drug. Vinnies personality changes and he is desperate for money and a way to get high, so he and Carmen object to burglarize a home of a recently deceased person. They break into the house while the funeral takes place and as they attempt to leave, the police overtake some(prenominal) Carmen and Vinnie. They are put in jail an d enter a drug abuse program. Carmen and Vinnie are released after ninety days and they both turn to drugs again.One day Carmen walks down an avenue and Nancy recognizes her and stops to talk. Carmen is asked by Nancy to baby sit her son Tommy and she agrees to watch him for a little while so Nancy can run some errands.Carmen essays research papersCarmen is a story about a girl who is only fourteen years old and she deals with moving to a new neighborhood and her abusive, alcoholic father. As she deals with her fathers problems and her mothers denial she quickly falls into a life of drugs and despair, which will follow her throughout most of her life. It all starts with Carmen and her family moving from Brooklyn to New Jersey they find a bigger house and buy lavish furniture that they cannot afford.Her dad has always been an alcoholic, but lately he has become aggressive and lashes out at Carmen and her mother. After he tries to strangle Carmen she tries to run away and finally s ucceeds on her second attempt. Carmen then lives with her friend Lulu for awhile and she becomes addicted to heroin. Carmen meets two people through Lulu Nancy and Bud. Bud grows fond of Carmen and she decides to live with Bud who is a drug dealer, but after she repeatedly steals drugs from him, he kicks Carmen out. Carmen who has no place to go, walks around the subway for hours and Nancy recognizes her and offers Carmen a place to stay by introducing her to Hugh and Gene, they are two men that protect her and they are known as pimps. Carmen turns to prostitution because it is the only way to pay for the drugs she uses. One day Hugh is caught and charged with operating a business illegally and Carmen becomes bored quickly and moves to the Bronx to find more work. Carmen then meets Vinnie, a man who enjoys her company and sometimes gives her money out of pity for her situation.Vinnie starts to use heroin while Carmen is away and he too becomes addicted to the drug. Vinnies personali ty changes and he is desperate for money and a way to get high, so he and Carmen plan to burglarize a home of a recently deceased person. They break into the house while the funeral takes place and as they attempt to leave, the police arrest both Carmen and Vinnie. They are put in jail and enter a drug abuse program. Carmen and Vinnie are released after ninety days and they both turn to drugs again.One day Carmen walks down an avenue and Nancy recognizes her and stops to talk. Carmen is asked by Nancy to baby sit her son Tommy and she agrees to watch him for a little while so Nancy can run some errands.

Love and Desire in A Midsummer Night’s Dream :: Midsummer Nights Dream

Love and Desire in A Midsummer Nights intake Some of the most prominent themes in A Midsummer Nights Dream are the omnipresence of love and desire and the tendencies of characters to manifest their delimitate traits. Helena and Hermia are two perfect examples of this. Hermia is the lover, and Helena the desirer, and both thrive off of their obsessions. In fact, both women are so tied to these traits that when they are taken away, their characters deflate and fall static. From the beginning, Hermia defiantly denies her fathers attempts at an arranged marriage, in favor of her whirlwind romance with and marriage to Lysander. In her defense, she uses words of chastity and incorrupt sinlessness to claim her fidelity and love towards Lysander and inability to wed Demetrius I know not by what power I am made blustering / nor how it may concern my modesty (pp). The concern, or befitting, of Hermias modesty, by not wedding Demetrius, is protecting the very essence of her womanhood from someone whom she feels isnt price of the ultimate consummation of love marriage (and the subsequent sex). This is continued in her next dialogue, where Hermia states that she would rather die quote (pp) or become a nun buoy than give up her virgin privilege quote (pp). Hermias claims of privilege and sovereignty validate her chastity and moral purity as something that should only be shared with Lysander, not Demetrius. However, the sovereignty of Hermias claims also fits in with Demetrius arguments regarding his rights to Hermias hand in marriage quote (pp). Demetrius use of sovereignty and right turns the vatic love of Hermia and Demetrius arranged marriage into a legal contract, where Hermia is property and social placeholder instead of a loving companion. Lysander pitches in to support Hermias claims of purity Demetrius, Ill avouch it to his head.. quote (pp). Here, Lysander claims that Demetrius slept with Helena and is therefore a spoiled and inconstant man quote (pp). OED. EDITORS gloss spotted as morally stain quote (pp). The Oxford English Dictionary also defines spotted as something disgraceful. This only emphasizes the uncouth premarital and in Hermias line of logic, immoral relationship amid Demetrius and Hermia. This moral impurity is a compromise to Hermias chastity and perpetuates her commitment to love that is already evident in this passage.Another instance of Hermias dedication to her chastity and purity as a demonstration of comes in II.

Love and Desire in A Midsummer Night’s Dream :: Midsummer Nights Dream

Love and Desire in A Midsummer Nights Dream Some of the most prominent themes in A Midsummer Nights Dream are the omnipresence of chouse and desire and the tendencies of characters to manifest their defining traits. capital of Montana and Hermia are two arrant(a) examples of this. Hermia is the lover, and Helena the desirer, and both thrive off of their obsessions. In fact, both women are so tied to these traits that when they are taken away, their characters deflate and fall static. From the beginning, Hermia defiantly denies her military chaplains attempts at an arranged conglutination, in favor of her whirlwind romance with and marriage to Lysander. In her defense, she uses words of chastity and moral purity to claim her fidelity and love towards Lysander and inability to wed Demetrius I know not by what power I am made bold / nor how it may concern my modesty (pp). The concern, or befitting, of Hermias modesty, by not wedding Demetrius, is protecting the very essence of her w omanhood from someone whom she feels isnt worth of the ultimate consummation of love marriage (and the subsequent sex). This is continued in her next dialogue, where Hermia states that she would rather die quote (pp) or become a nun than give up her virgin privilege quote (pp). Hermias claims of privilege and sovereignty validate her chastity and moral purity as something that should only be shared with Lysander, not Demetrius. However, the sovereignty of Hermias claims to a fault fits in with Demetrius arguments regarding his rights to Hermias hand in marriage quote (pp). Demetrius use of sovereignty and right turns the supposed love of Hermia and Demetrius arranged marriage into a legal contract, where Hermia is property and social placeholder instead of a loving companion. Lysander pitches in to support Hermias claims of purity Demetrius, Ill avouch it to his head.. quote (pp). Here, Lysander claims that Demetrius slept with Helena and is therefore a spoiled and inconstant man quote (pp). OED. EDITORS gloss spotted as morally stained quote (pp). The Oxford English Dictionary also defines spotted as something disgraceful. This only emphasizes the uncouth premarital and in Hermias line of logic, immoral relationship between Demetrius and Hermia. This moral impurity is a compromise to Hermias chastity and perpetuates her dedication to love that is already evident in this passage.Another instance of Hermias dedication to her chastity and purity as a demonstration of comes in II.

Biography of William Shakespeare Essay

William Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564, in Stratford-in Avon, England. From the year 1594 onward he was an of the essence(predicate) member of the Lord Chamberlains Men members of theatrical players. Written records give little information of the way in which Shakespeares professional life was his artistry. only that can be said is that over the course of 20 years, Shakespeare wrote plays that intensify the range of human emotion and conflict.Even though birth records dont exist, church records were found that a William Shakespeare was baptized at Holy terce Church on April 26, 1564. From this, it is believed he was born on April 23, 1564, and this is the date known as William Shakespeares birthday. William was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant and Mary Arden. William had two older sisters Joan and Judith, and three younger brothers, Gilbert, Richard and Edmund. Before Williams birth, his drive became a successful merchant and held official posit ions as alderman, an office resembling a mayor.there is no record of Shakespeare attending schools, students impart written that he about likely attended the Kings New School in Stratford, which taught reading, writing and the classics. Being a public officials child, he could have had free tuition if he wanted too ,. But misbelieve regarding his education has led some to raise questions about the authorship of his work and all the same to wonder if he even was real or a made up character of a great writer whom just made up the name to hide behind the name and keep people wondering .William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway on November 28, 1582, in Worcester. William was 18 and Anne was 26 she got pregnant of Their first a girl they named Susanna, was born on May 26, 1583. Two years later, on February 2, 1585, twins Hamlet and Judith were born,. Hamlet later died of unknown ca holds at age 11. By 1592, there is evidence William Shakespeare earned a living as an actor and a playwr ight in London . In the September 20, 1592 edition of the Stationers scan there is an article by London playwright Robert Greene that takes a few jabs at William Shakespeare there William Shakespeare is an upstart Crow, beautified with our feathers that with his tigers heart wrapped in a pretenders hide, supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best of you and being an absolute Johannes factotum, is in his own conceit the only Shake-scene . Students differ on the interpretation of this criticism, but to the highest degree agree that it was Greenes way of saying Shakespeare was reaching above his rank, onerous to match better known and educated playwrights like Christopher Marlowe .Thomas Nash or Greene himself. In the 1590s, documents show William Shakespeare was a managing partner in the Lord Chamberlains Men, a acting company in London. After the crowning of King James the 1 in 1603, the company changed its name to the Kings Men. the Kings Men company wa s very popular, and records show that Shakespeare had works published and sold as popular literature. The battlefield culture in 16th-century in England he was not highly admired by people of high rank.However, many of the nobility were good patrons of the performing arts and friends of the actors. Early in his career, Shakespeare was able to attract the care of Henry Wriothesley, the Earl of Southampton, to who he dedicated his first published poems Venus and Adonis (1593) and The Rape of Lucrece (1594). It was a four-day ride by horse from Stratford to London, so it is believed that Shakespeare spent most of his time in the city writing and acting and came home once a year during the 40-day Lenten conclusion, when the theaters were closed.By 1599, William Shakespeare and his business partners built their own theater on the south bank of the Thames River, which they called the globe . Shakespeare was very innovative, adapting the traditional style to his own purposes and creating a freer flow of words. With only small degrees of variation, Shakespeare usually used a metrical pattern consisting of lines of unrhymed words , or blank verse, to compose his plays. At the same time, there are passages in all the plays that come from this and use forms of poetry or simple phrase .With the exception of Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeares first plays were mostly histories written in the early 1590s. Richard II and parts 1, 2 and 3 and Henry v dramatize the destructive results of weak or corrupt rulers and have been interpreted by drama historians . Shakespeare also wrote several comedies during his early period the witty romance A and Much Ado About Nothing, the charming As You Like It, and Twelfth Night. Other plays, possibly written before 1600, were Titus Andronicus, The frivolity of Errors The Taming of the Shrew and The Two Gentlemen of Verona. DEATH Tradition has it that William Shakespeare died on his birthday, April 23, 1616, though many students believe this is a myth. Church records show he was interred at Trinity Church on April 5, 1616. In his will, he left the bulk of his possessions to his eldest daughter, Susanna. Though entitled to a third of his estate, little seems to have gone to his wife, Anne, whom he didnt seem to care much for This has drawn speculation that she had fallen out of favor, or that the couple was not close.

Marketing Research and Promotional messages Essay

Marketing messages argon a key component to attracting attention and lead the targeted consumer through the barters cycle and to get (Consumer Behavior and Targeting Audience). When a play along is looking to create a merchandising communication message it is important to understand the type of consumer they are merchandising towards. The company needs to look at the type of consumer they are targeting then analyze their needs, experiences and attitudes. These three things will help a company develop an effective market communication message to target their consumer.ConsumerWomen are the number one consumers in the United States, influencing over 80 percent of the goods and services barter ford (Murray Skoloda , 2009).They are big spenders whether it is household, integrated or lower-ranking business. In the last decade women have become more educated, are working harder and making more money than years past. If a women is earning at least half of the household income then s he has a large say involving household purchases. Women are juggling more at work and topographic point, marketing has become more media based. There are more women using multi-media than ever like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.Consumer NeedsWhen looking at consumers purchasing trends, wants and needs drive the marketing decisions. Looking at a womens aspirations can help understand the wants and needs behind a purchase. Examples of wants and needsMake a better homeHelp and want kids to be successfulHave time to do what you wantTravel moreLook more attractiveBe goodishBe healthier and have a nice bodyLook youngerWomen need to take care of themselves, their families and their household duties. When targeting women with marketing strategies the counseling should be on getting ahead, having fun, looking fabulous and taking care of household duties. You have to market around the consumers needs, for example, Pantene shampoo commercials focus on how shinny, soft and hale the hair will look after using the product. Victoria Secret focuses on the look and feel of their products. All of these marketing and promotional strategies focus of what the consumer wants and needs. intuitionsConsumer perception is the understanding behind the motivations that drive buying behaviors. Understanding consumer motivations help companies create marketing strategies. Women are motivated by emotion, intuition and experience (Blank, 2014). Finding what makes them happy, what they are proud of, and what they cherish and enjoy will help create a marketing strategy that will help promote and sell the product. For example, women that have sm every last(predicate) children will always look at products that are safe, and sometimes even look at safety ratings before purchasing. This means the marketing strategy should be built around safety. Another example, women are always looking to feel and look younger so it would be smart for the cosmetic industry to focus on anti-aging and blemis hing products. Usually when women have a great experience or find a product that they like, they will stay loyal, and tell their friends. Over all you need to market the product toward the targeted consumer and their needs.AttitudesAttitude plays an important role in marketing strategies, it is the attitude towards a product, group or brand that drives the consumers decision to purchase the product. Consumers have pre formed attitude towards some of the product and brands and once formed it is hard to change those attitudes (Masterman & Wood, 2006). Women are very open to trying new products and brands just once they have a bad experience or customer service experience, that will change their attitudes towards the product and it will be hard to redo the trust. It is important to thinking about the marketingstrategies when looking to change attitudes and bias options on products.Looking at marketing communication it is important to consider the consumer you are targeting and their needs. Learning about the consumer and their needs helps build a strong marketing strategy that can drive the purchase of the product. Understanding the consumer and how they perceive information helps with the sale of the product. Looking at the consumers attitudes will help build strong relationships and help brand the product.ReferenceMasterman, G., & Wood, E. H. (2006). Innovative Marketing Communications Strategies for the Events Industry . Burlington, MA Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Blank, C. (2014). Consumer Perception Theory. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/consumer-perception-theory-40176.html Murray Skoloda , K. (2009). TOO BUSY TO SHOP Marketing to Multi-Minding Women . Westport, CT Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND TARGET AUDIENCE DECISIONS). Retrieved from http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/

Value on Human Life

Maybe even in the value of dollars and cents. Every human values life in a roughly different way many may be similar but no one is the same thats why our values atomic number 18 different. Life Is a precious thing and people protect it with all they have. I would probably question why people have to pass away. We come into this world and survive than die In a relatively short amount of time. People might question why do we have to die? For example In the Galoshes Epic, Galoshes a man who has recently suffered a friends death questions why humans have to die.Its a great question and Galoshes goes through a great circularise trouble to answer this everlasting question. People cant cope with death. They cant believe that the person they once saw everyday or maybe even just walked by them in a school hall, that they will never see them again. Non-existence from something that was very much alive non to long ago and still in our minds. For font Lance Armstrong, a world-class cyclist and a multi Tour De France winner was on top of the world until age 25 when he was diagnosed with testicular cancer.I dont pick issue about you but a athlete is not the first person I picture when I hear the word cancer. Sadly death favors no man, Its preys on whom ever It wants. Thats why when the cyclist Lance Armstrong got the terrible news he fought through It and defeated It even though the odds were against him. And he got out of the whole ordeal with a new state of mind. That Is something I respect, a person who starred at the face of death and said, no now is not my time. Lance Armstrong valued his life in the achievements and its the simple things he valued when near death.Just to ride another bike race was what a in a heartfelt way cherished. Valuating life as a experience of many glorious things and that I agree on with him. On the other hand, which I dont agree on at all, is Amanda Ripples article What is life worth? She describes how a dollar value was put on eac h of the September 1 lath victims in the planes and buildings for their familys to get a funds relief for their loss. The money relief ranged anywhere from the hundred thousands to millions of dollars. This In retrospect seems like a great idea but It quickly became a shocking idea.Its human nature to want more almost anything so once when the government decided to hand out money to the victims families people Immediately wanted more money. Most of these families decided that money could replace a life. Surely money cant but it could help continue or renew ones life when mortal looses a significant loss but he rather pursue his life raising his two daughters than pursue a lawsuit. People must go on with life because life doesnt have a dollar value on it its what you did hear on earth when you were alive that counts not after death.In closing and to the words I try to live my life by is that everyone dies but not everyone really lives. We can spend our whole life Just getting by to find a meaning or a value in life but I believe that life itself should be a precious value, over achievements, fame, and money. Live life to the fullest because you never know when it could end. Society should not but a certain value on a persons life, we are all humans and we are all some what capable of all the same things so life itself should be the main value we have.

How Information Flows Within an Organization Essay

Information has to travel with different types of pathways in order to be received and employ. Think of the pathways of information like the transit system. Information is loaded into systems by using input plaits, like keyboards or touchscreens. After the information is imputed it is transferred to roughly type of storage medium, whether hard disk drive, RAM, or CDs or DVDs. Once this information is transferred it is then able to be entrance moneyed and applyd as long as the correct permissions are assigned. The storage everyows for future entree and the ability to retransmit the information to a nonher device, by using the LAN, WAN, cyberspace or removable devices like flash drives or external hard drives.The ability to make water and use information would not be mathematical without the hardware that allows the user to input the information they want others to read or use. It can go down to basic components like computers, keyboard, hard drives, etc. However, in fed eration with the hardware there has to be software which outputs the data so the user can read it. Once the data is read the user can create databases or upload the information to different locations like a cloud based server. Once again with the ability to do this would not be possible without special types of hardware that allows this. The hardware in reference is NIC rides, routers, switches, hub, etc. All of these things make it possible for information to be transmitted around the world. Of course to obviously transmit data and information around the world could be a very simple thing, until you add in the steps necessary to protect the data.In my current job we do not use very much resources to transmit data or evencreate it. However, a company that we tend for uses networks and even special communication cables to transmit and receive data from different devices within the building we are working. Basically there are controllers that connect via a two or three conductor ca ble and which connects to devices mounted on air handler systems. These devices take in an enormous amount of complex data and regularly transmit the data to the controller which then relays the information to a computer that is on the mainframes network. This network allows the company the ability to have remote access to the controller which allows them to be able to change certain honours in order to make the air handlers run more smoothly.Some of the data that is transferred include, right(prenominal) air pressure, discharge air temp, return air temp, and there are even safety measures transmitting to ensure smooth operation. Once an alarm is triggered the device sends data to the controller which then relays the alarm to the computer which outputs the reason for the alarm and specifies what triggered the alarm. A technician can then go on the computer and adjust whatsoever values need adjusting to remove the alarm and resume proper operation. Without this network of devices and controllers and computers there would be no way for these issues to be resolved in a timely manner. Seeing how allot of the work we do is in Charlottes main healthcare system, by us not being able to have warm and painless connectivity many peoples wellbeing could be at risk.The one thing the company I work for makes sure of is security for their systems and networks. Although the physical network is not part of the companys infrastructure it is protected from other people trying to access it because it is their equipment, cables, controllers, and devices. The hospitals have no access to these systems because one wrong value can be the difference between freezing temperatures or summer conditions in the building. The company, Johnson Controls, uses three different programs that have to be authenticated before access is granted. Firstly the technician has to slide their finger over the fingerprint scanner to access the computer that connects to the controllers. Seems like a corr ect finger scan would be all thats necessary for accessing the system, however, the IT personnel decided to add two more layers of security due to the nature of their business.Secondly the technician has to scan their badge into a cardreader type of device that pops up a screen that greets the technician as a Johnson Control employee. Once again not enough security in the minds of Johnson Controls so the final security measure is an encrypted password, that if it is entered incorrectly starts the whole process over again. After talking with multiple technicians the consensus is that they cannot stand all the security measure, and they do understand the purpose. Perhaps the best measure the company has against potential invasions is that all the equipment they use from top to bottom is made by themselves. This ensures that only their employees are trained and permitted to use the equipment. Other people might look at the equipment and be dumbfounded due to the processes and certain protocols in place on how to use the equipment to access any information.Although I currently do not work in an environment that utilizes servers and multiple computers, I do see how information is passed through devices to controllers and finally to computers or networks. Even though there is multiple types of information the way it is employ and flows follow the same path. Without hardware and software there would be no way to use and transmit the data. As the technology continues to change and become more advanced, I am sure the way information is used will change along with it.

Most Children Are Sexually Assaulted By Strangers Essay

Societies are afflicted with the trauma of fry maltreat where the maintenance increases when the offender stands and laughs amongst the families of the pincer. It is said that children are not to be allowed to communicate with any strangers as these can be the abusers, this is just a myth. The following paper depart attempt to prove that most of the children are abused by the state they already know. Introduction It is a well-known fact that child sexual abuse is a daily recurrence and the numbers and statistics that are presented are not the true depicters of reality of child abuse as there are many an(prenominal) cases that go unreported (Bolen, 2001, p. 78).Many myths are associated with child abuse blurring the reality of child abuse. One of the most important myths that surround the issue of child abuse relates to strangers being held as frequent child abusers. Many authentic statistical figures prove otherwise. It has been generally highlighted that children should be w atched for any communication and contacts with the strangers as most very much the strangers are involved in abusing children sexually. Figures have highlighted that more than 85% of the children are sexually abused by the people they know and these usually include family members, fathers, family friends, and neighbors.These people being closer to the families and thus, the children, are more aware of the psychologies of the children that are exploited to approach the children in unethical ways (Cossins, 2000, p. 34). It is important to note that sex offenders aim for a chance and an opportunity to abuse children. Strangers do not have the chance to explore the psychologies of the children as it is generally seen that children generally do not circularize up too well with the strangers as compared to the affections that they share with people they know.These affections make it much easier for the offenders to control the children before and after abuse (Richardson, and Bacon, 200 3, p. 49). A study was carried give away in three American states and it was found that more than 96% of children abused were under the age of 12 and were abused by the people they knew. The study has divide the children in two main categories, boys and girls. In case of boys under the age of 12, the study highlighted the percentages of offenders.Only 4% of the offenders were strangers, 20% of the offenders were fathers, 17% were family members and relatives while the rest of 50% offenders belonged to the category of friends. In the case of girls under the age of 12, 12% were abused by the family members, 33% were found to be abused by the strangers and 55% were pained by acquaintances (Itzin, 2000, p, 67). Another important fact that has been highlighted by the studies indicates the development of a relationship between the victim and abuser, and these relationships continue for an average of four years.Moreover, offenders and potential child abusers develop a relationship with t he children and in some cases with the families of the children, in order to be acquaintances with the target children (Bolen, 2001, p. 40). Boston Globe published a report in 2000 that highlighted the findings of a group of psychologists treating sex offenders. It was mentioned that the case of child abuse by the strangers is very rare still parents more often focus on strangers as the potential danger for their child while the threat comes from the families and even spouses.A report has been published by National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in 2005 highlighting the dimensions and percentages of child abusers. The report indicated that 94% of abused children knew the abusers, 59% of the abusers were from the families, 35% of the abusers were acquaintances, only 3% were complete strangers, and on an average 22% of the children, boys and girls were abused by their fathers (Cossins, 2000, p. 89). Conclusion There is a need to realize that people from within the f amilies are much more on a chance to be the offenders as compared to the strangers.Parents need to look inside their houses for offenders rather than looking on the roads and in parks for the potential dangers. References Bolen, M. R. (2001). Child sexual abuse its scope and our failure. Springer. Cossins, A. (2000). Masculinities, sexualities, and child sexual abuse. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Itzin, C. (2000). Home truths about child sexual abuse a reader. Routledge. Richardson, S. , and Bacon, H. (2003). Creative Response to Child Sexual Abuse Challenges and Dilemmas. Edition 2. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones Essay

The 21st century has seen the advent of amazing technological advances, matchless of which is of the ready phone. Nowadays, a lively phone consists of camera, MP3 player, alarm clock,., or in another way, a mobile phone is a combination of more than 10 items of our daily lives. And so a mobile is a basic need and everybody has it. We cigargont all see clearly the advantages of a mobile phone, but not everybody recognizes the down side of having one. As mentioned and well acknowledged by everyone, convenience is an advantage of mobile phone.With a mobile phone, we are able to have s contact with whomever we want, whenever we want, and also because it is a multi-functional device beside communication use, so far more accurate for the new generations of smart phone. At present, a smart phone can access the internet using 3G or Wi-fi. Therefore, it is not just a phone, but a mini computer. Besides the obvious advantage, another comes to mind, and that is texting helping volume to overcome shyness and awkwardness.Being late for a meeting, apologizing, telling loved things to someone, are all quite uncomfortable situations and speech can make things even worse. But text gets rid of those moments and replace it with a clean, logical and clear message. Furthermore, teenagers find mobile phones creation an expression of their identity because they are beyond the guarantee of parents. A mobile phone makes our lives quite easier, right? Not quite. As you can see, scientists have claimed that mobile phone produces a small amount of radiation therapy waves, resulting to brain cancer, so long usage can be harmful to health.And in terms of health, there have been a great deal of vocation accidents caused by texting and calling while driving. So firstly a mobile phone can affect our health and probably our lives. Secondly, mobile phones can be great distraction at work and school. The internet, the games on smart phones, the endless number of applications, those ar e temptations, creating lack of concentration for people working and studying, which is an activity being definitely less exciting by comparison. In addition, mobile phones are sometimes disturbance in our lives due to the wrong-number phone calls, draft messages, prank calls,. .These are very annoying and can lead to discomfort, especially if these are being made at night. Then there are environmental issues involved with mobile phone usages. According to a survey, people on average use their phone 11 to 18 months, a short period of time. And when those old phones cause trash, and with the need of phones atpresent, which is a lot, it can lead to pollution due to hardware of mobile phones being hard to dispose of.In conclusion, we use mobile phones on a daily basis for theirs obvious advantages, but we also need to be aware of the not so obvious or plain ignored disadvantages. On account of the mass demand of mobile phones, we need to know both sides of them in order to make the b est out of a wonderful device.

What is your assesment of Hareton, and does he deserve the happiness he eventually finds with Cathy?

Haretons Qualities are describe by Nelly Dean as good things lost amoung a wilderness of weeds and even Heathcliff admits he is gold spue to the use of pavinmg stones What is your assesment of this character, and does he deserve the happiness he eventually finds with Cathy? Haretons life was one of cruelty and suffering, with his childhood taken away by the feindishness of Heathcliff. He was described as gold put to the use of paving stones but how can such an able boy turn into a swearing, rough man? Ever since Mr Earnshaw returned from liverpool, and brought bear an adopted boy caled Hethcliff, Hindley hated him .Heathcliff had tempers, hit Hindley, utilize blackmail, and always got him into trouble. Hindley decided to take revenge on Heathcliff whenever he could, and when Mr Earnshaw died, he received his chance. The land, proporty and inhabitants were all at a lower place his control. Hindley trannical personality and insane excitement was portrayed on the treatment of Hethj cliff. He made him a slve, flogging, beating and swearing at him. From that bite on, Healcliff vowed to take retribution on Hindley. Hindleys wife, Frances, died during the child birth of Hareton Earnshaw, and from that moment on, Nelly Dean decided to be the babies nurturer.Nelly took over as the motherly figure, gurding Hareton from his fathers mad mans rage She would lock him in cupbords, stowing him away in the kitchen Even Catherine was aware of his violence and perversive conduct. Most of this conduct was due to the ever growing drinking problem Hindley had. Any major actuate in a childs y poph has an effect on him later in life, so it is far to rate that the poor father figure he had as a child contributes to his orr behavior as an adult. This part of his child hood in many ways acts as a mirro image of Heathcliffs own life.Yet when he moves to Wuthering heights, not even Nelly is there to help, get wind and protect Hareton from Heathcliff. Hareton moved to Wuthering Hei ght when he was just five years old, and thae lack of female figures meant that Hraeton was brought up in a ver masculine way, not to follow the cruelty and brutalit of Heathcliff. The Height is a key part of Haretons life. The propoirty is portrayed by Emily Bronti as violent,rough and uncivilised. There are many example of characters being changed for the worse after alimentation at the Heights. This is no exception for Hareton.Nelly goes to visit her son as she describes him, just ten months later. She arrives with high hoipes for the able child, but they are shattered by the distant debate of the elf-locked, brown eyed boy. Heathcliffs treatment towards Hareton becomes evident when he throws a rock at Nelly followed by a string of curses. Nelly is probably shocked at this because of the striking change from just months earlier. Although Haethciffs conduct with areton is rough and violent and he treates him like a slave Nelly askes him if he likes Heathcliff, and ironically, aye was the answer.Nelly is quite surprised by this as he also says he hates his real father. This is highlited at the end of the invigorated when he was the only mourner at Heathcliffs grave. Haretom is always thankfull for what he sees as Heathcliffs advise. He teachs him how to swear and hate his baffle daddy Heathcliff aslo takes away Haretons education, telling him to threaten the curate. Later on in thw volume, Heathcliff tells Nelly how he is proud of the way he has treated Hareton, he explains how he treats it as a competition and how he has outdone Hindley.Heathcliff was beaten and treated badly, although he hated Hindley and yet still got educatiomn. Heathciff has outdone Hindley because Haretonm has been beaten and treated badly also, yet he still loves Heathcliff and has no education. He explaons how it is payback ofr Hindley, and maybe this is why Hareton turned out the way he is, because he was used and not treated as an adult. It is not fair to say at all that Haret on is in anyway evil or rough, as Heathcliff himself made Hareton. He moulded him into a mirror image of himself, to show revenge on Hindley.Haretonm is doing what every one does naturally, he is growing up, yet he has the disadvantage of having Heathcliff and Hindley to look up to and admire. Hareton is doing what he sees as right, because Haethcliff has taught him that it is right to swera and be rough and violent. Heathcliff realises this, and used the all inportant quote he is gold out to the use of paving stiones. Nelly is astounded by his lack of remorse, even happiness for what he has done if he were innate(p) a fool, I shouldnot like it half as much, but he is no fool.It is aslso argued that the lack of female, and motherly figures in his entire life has conmtributed to his downfall in behavour and consequently sotial status. So again, Heatghcliff has succeeed and overtaken Hindley. Even the lack of female figures is ultimatly becaue of Heathcliff, Healcliff wouldnt allow a ny love or education at all. This is true right to the end of the novel when he finds Cathy and Hareton in love. The social status is not only because of the behavour and where he ives, it is also because of the fact that he is treated and acts like a slave or servant.When lockwood visits the Heights, he even mistakes Hareton for a servant and is surprised to find that he isnt. This is aslso to do with the way hie looks. He takes no pride in his apperence and so is seen as low in society. Hareton has quite a minor role in the next chapters in the novel, as leading roles are played by thhe love relationshipo between Linton-Heathcliff and Cathy. Harrton ids only mentioned when in the room, or doing jobs, sometimes he is hihlighted in the many tempers he has, sometimes violenet, sometimnes just the angry rough status about whatever he does or says.Hareton is now seemingly going down hill willingly, smoking and swearing more than ever, yet this is not all in all correct as we see when he makes an attempt to come across differently for Cathy. Again this reminds us of a mirror image. The young Heathcliff smartened himself up for Catherine, as an attempt to impress her after she called him dirty an now Hareton has washed, visible by the glow on his cheeks, and wetted hair Although this does not work, as he becomes the center of her ammusement in the next chapter.When Cathy points out to Hareton his name abouvr the alcove of thr door, at wuthering heights, she asks what it means. Hareton, not eduvcated, says he doesnt know. She calls him a colossal dunce and that he looked so stupid. Haretron gets mad, and growls. When Cathy points this out to Nelly, and tells her that it was funny, Nelly scowls at her and tells her off. Nelly points out that she wouldnt asl be able to determine if brought up in his curcumstances. This is absolutly true and makes bold that fact of his upbringing and how it was not his fault. He did not deny his education, he was never given the chpo ise to have it.

Compare the way love is presented in ‘Valentine’ and ‘Sonnet130’ Essay

Comp are and contrast the instruction in which desexualize love is presented in the songs valentine by Carol Ann Duffy and sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare.In this essay I am going to compare and contrast the way in which love is presented in the poems valentine by Carol Ann Duffy and sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare. I testament be drawing links of comparison and will justify the similarities and differences between them.The first poem valentine was written by Carol Ann Duffy. It has no set rhythmic convening and the stanzas are all different lengths. There are 7 stanzas in total. The title of the poem Valentine sounds actually romantic and suggests that the poem is ab prohibited hearts and roses and other items linked with the word valentine, as yet, once the first ancestry is read this assumption is wiped away. The word satin from the first disembowel not a red rose or a satin heart immediately projects the reader think of a romantic gift that is soft to the continu e and quite luxurious. However the line starts with not suggesting that she is not going to eat her lover a evokeion valentine present. This line is on its own which could mean that it is important and has been left on its own to stand let out to the reader.The second stanza then starts by byword I give you an onion plant. It is a moon draped in brown paper. The writer uses apposition to compare an onion to a moon wrapped in brown paper. The onion represents love and is symbolic and carol Ann Duffy collapses the onion seem like a very special thing rather than just an onion. By saying that it is a moon wrapped in brown paper it makes it sound like a present or a packet waiting to be unwrapped.The beside line it promises light then goes back to the moon and light is commonly seen as a special and good thing which represents their relationship. The stanza then ends by saying like the protective(predicate) undressing of love. This is an effective way of ending the stanza as she connects the onion to their relationship. This is because by saying careful undressing she is referring to the layers of an onion whereas by mentioning love it goes back to their relationship and how there are different stages or layers to it.The third stanza starts with a one worded line-Here. This is short and concise and calls the readers attention away from the description of the onion and starts to say what the onion would do. The next line, It will blind you with tears like a lover, connects the onion to love and compares the way an onion makes you forebode to how love can make you cry. The word blind is utilise as when people cry their eyesight becomes blurred and put off. The stanza ends by saying it will make your reflection a wobbling photo of grief. This is because when you have been or are near to cry water build up in your eyes and makes you vision go wobbly and blurred.The next ii stanzas are each only one line. The first reads I am trying to be aboveboard . The word trying suggests that it is the thought that counts and her gift of an onion has a lot of importance. Truthful could indicate that she wants to give a present that means more than than a typical valentine present. The second stanza not a tricky card or a kissogram is also only one line. This could be because the writer wanted to make an impact on the reader and wanted the line to stand out. The line links to the first stanza of the poem through the repetition of the word not. It is also saying the same thing that she is not bighearted her lover a typical valentine gift, such as a cute card which holds no importance or centre.The sixth stanza begins with the use of repetition as it repeats the line I give you an onion utilise in the beginning of the poem and refers back to the poems meaning. It could also suggest that carol Ann Duffy matt-up strongly about giving the onion and it held a lot of importance to her. The next line its fierce kiss will stay on your lips imp lies the onion brings everlasting love. The word fierce carry ons Duffys passion to her lover, with an onion and by exploitation the word kiss she brings a romantic and passionate atmosphere to the stanza.The taste of an onion is piercing and stays on the lips for a long time, similarly to a kiss which is remembered and can be felt on your lips a long time after as it is an important part of the relationship. The following line is only three dustup possessive and faithful and is describing the kiss using very powerful adjectives that make an impact on the reader. She is saying that it is not an ordinary kiss but one with a deeper meaning which relates to an onion and how it leaves a strong taste on your lips. Duffy ends the stanza with as we are, as long as we are stating that she hopes her love will last forever however know that it may not.The final stanza of the poem starts with a short line that reads take it. This is left on its own to stand out to the reader and is in a co mmanding tone. It shows that it is important to Duffy that her lover takes the onion. The consecutive line its platinum loops shrink to a man and wife ring refer to the loops of an onion that get smaller as you go up the onion. By using the word platinum which is very precious she is making the onion seem much more important than it is. If you like then changes the tone of the poem as she is giving her lover a choice whereas in the first line she was ordering him. The nest line lethal is saying that love can be dangerous and it has been left on its own to stand out to the reader. The final two lines are its wander will cling to you fingers, Cling to your knife. The word cling sounds like it will not let go.The next poem, sonnet 130, was written by William Shakespeare. Unlike valentine there is a set rhythmic pattern in the beginning of the poem (ABABCDCDEFEFetc.) however changes to rhyming couplets in the last two lines to make them stand out and show their importance to the read er.Sonnet 130 like valentine also compares love with strange objects for example he describes his mistresss hair as black wires which is not normally associated with beauty. It suggests that her hair is thick and wiry. throughout the poem he criticises her in this way. By doing this he could be suggesting that beauty isnt only contend deep and there is more to a relationship than looks. He believes that his love for her is rare and he accepts how she looks in an honest way because he loves her.Shakespeare also uses strong and powerful actors line, like valentine, however uses it differently. While Duffy uses words such as possessive to describe an onion, Shakespeare uses words like snow or roses which create picturery. These words can be employ by the reader to create their own image in their mind. nigh of the words he uses such as sun, snow or roses represent good things and relate to happiness. However he says that his lover is the opposite of all theses things and therefore the reader creates a negative image of his lover in their head.He also uses juxtaposition but in a different way to carol Ann Duffy. Duffy uses juxtaposition by comparing love with an onion throughout the poem however in sonnet 130 Shakespeare uses juxtaposition in each line, contrasting objects with positive imagery with his mistress however saying that she is the opposite of them, for example, but no such roses see I in her cheeks. Shakespeare juxtaposes beauty to vileness which makes this line effective. This contrast changes the tone of the poem. Roses are used to represent beauty and delicateness, however Shakespeare juxtaposes this by saying the woman does not remind him of roses. This suggests that his mistress is not beautiful.To conclude, I feel that valentine was a much more effective poem as Duffy managed to get a lot of meaning out of just an onion and she used a lot of powerful language such as possessive. She also used many metaphors and similes and although the poem did not rhyme, the range and different lengths of stanzas had a good effect as it do certain things stand out. Sonnet 130 was also an enjoyable poem to read as it had a good rhythm throughout and had a lot of deep meanings to it. It also had good use of juxtaposition and the words used helped created imagery inside the readers mind. However, it was not as interesting as valentine and did not express as much emotion.

Explain the Operational Issues in Relation to the Use of Business Information

In this assignment I will be explaining the usable issues in social intercourse to the spend of business tuition. Businesses have to store and manage lots of information. All information systems have both fundamental issues of ensuring that, one is the organisation receive information it requires and the other is that appropriate members of staff receive the information. A number of policies and procedures have to be put in place concerning security of information, backups, health and safety, organisational policies, business protraction plans, costs and increasing sophistication.Security of information can be an functional issue. It is all about maintaining the integrity and handiness of organisational information and knowledge. Managers emergency to have the right information available at the right time to take shape good decisions. The credence on technology to store information increases which means the risk posed by system failure and malicious attack from viruses als o increases. IT security policy should take into account parkland risks to information the business relies upon. This policy should include secure login id for IT systems and controls that limit access to information.Backups are also an operational issue these are stores on separate hardware from the live versions of the information. Health and safety can be an operational issue. There are many regulations concerning health and safety. The Health & Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 this is the minimum requirements for playact stations and includes the extent to which employers must ensure that workstations meet the requirements laid down in this schedules, the equipment, the environment and the port between the computer and operator.Another is the Management of Health & Safety At Work Regulations 1992 this is that every employer shall provide his employees with apprehensible and relevant information on the risks to their health and safety, the preventative and pro tective measures and the identity of the persons nominated by him in accordance with regulation. Another possible operational issue is organisation policies. These relate to the use of business information that can help involve sure decisions affecting staff are understandable and consistent, they meet sub judice requirements, they take full account of their mpact and they contribute to productive working relationships.Manual Handling Training policies help make sure staff have guidance to help them comply with legislation. Business continuance plans can be an operational issue. These are the steps to make sure a company can survive a worst case scenario ensuring essential backups are kept. The business must consider natural disasters for example fires or floods or accidents for example malicious attacks or human error.As a result of the plan employees may need to change the way they work for example instead of saving on the company hard disgust they should save it to a USB or ex ternal hard drive. Costs to the business can be an operational issue. Many aspects of information can cost money businesses must consider costs v benefits when deciding what policies to adopt and measures to take and whether the benefits are going to be worth the cost of it.They must take into good will the cost of development and the additional resources needed. Another possible operational issue is increasing sophistication. Increasing reliance on technology and increasing complexity of technology means employees need to be trained to use equipment and software required to do their job. Without training, staff might not record customer contact decent or may miss out information making a new system slight effective.

Fpi Assignment

Executive Summary The report is regarding to the knowledge of analyzing the method of accounting information of a listed company, exploitation the various accounting information that provided to identify and examine the fighting and skill of the listed company. Besides, in order to examine the reliability of the data provided, analysis of the balance sheet and income statement is required. The fiscal information raise be obtained from the yearbook reports of Harbour-Link sort out Berhad.In addition, the report is required to include the top-down flak which consists of sparing analysis, Industry analysis and Fundamental analysis to analyze the listed company in the point of date for investors. Table of Content 1. Introduction 1. Objectives 2. compendium of the statement of pecuniary position, the statement of financial performance and cash in flow statement. 1. pecuniary Analysis proportion Asset efficiency balance Capital Structure dimension Liquidity balance Pr ofitability Ratio Sh be impairment 3. Economic Analysis 4. Industry Analysis . Conclusion 6. Findings 7. References Introduction In this report, Harbour-Link aggroup Berhad is chosen among the listed companies. Harbour-Link collection Berhad is an investment holding company which provides ecstasy, forwarding and guideation, plant and machinery hiring, and engineering contract work primarily in Malaysia and Singapore. Harbour-Link host Berhad was founded in the year of 1975 and it is base in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. It was officially listed on Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad in the year of 2004.Today, Harbour-Link Groups success lies in its rugged foundation of expertise in the industry and its ability to established the company as a time-honoured brand-name within the shipping, sea freight forwarding and transportation industries. Objectives 1. To identify the sources of funds, Balance Sheet and profit or loss of the Harbour-Link Group Berhad. 2. To analyze accountin g data of Harbour-Link Group Berhad to examine its financial performance using Financial Performance Indicators (ratio analysis) 3.To analyze the economy status, competitors within the same industries and evaluate the ope rank efficiencies of the listed company. 4. To examine the competitiveness and efficiency of the listed company by using the various accounting information provided. Financial Analysis Financial analysis ratios ar used to examine the financial performance of a company in which it entrust be reflected in the ratios calculated. (Giles et al, 1994, p. 371) Asset efficiency Ratios Asset swage ratio From the data calculated, the asset perturbation ratio for the financial year of 2008, 2009 and 2010 are 109. 9%, 92. 12% and 79. 65%. This indicates that the Harbour-Link Group Berhad is non doing thoroughly in the sales of the products or services because the asset turnover rate ratio is decrease from year to year. debitor turnover (in days) Debtor turnover is the debtor collection period of a company. Harbour-Link Group Berhad had a debtor turnover of 73 days in the year of 2008. In the year of 2009, the debtor turnover is 77 days. However, its debtor turnover is fall to 71 days. This reflects that the possibility of default risk for the debtors is lessen.In fact, this is a good social occasion in a company. Inventory Turnover Inventory turnover measures how many propagation the company lav sell through its inventory for each year. In the year of 2008, Harbour-Link Group has an inventory turnover of 163 times. The turnover increased to 212 times in the financial year of 2009 plainly the inventory turnover decreased to 127 times in the year of 2010. This reflects that the company give the axe sell better in the year of 2009 barely it dropped staggeringly in the year of 2010. Capital structure Ratio Debt to right ratioThe debt to equity ratio of Harbour-link Group Berhad is decreasing from the year of 2008 to 2010 by 2%. This is cause d by the reducing of centre liabilities and the increase of the total equity. Time stakeingness earned The times-interest-earned ratio allows a lender to evaluate the companys ability to meet its debt obligation. It is a ratio of the earning before interest and tax over the interest expenses. The time interest earned has a slightly increased from the year of 2008 to year 2009 but it has a greater decrease in ratio amount from the year of 2009 to year 2010.This meat that in the year of 2010, Harbour-Link Group Berhad have lesser bread are available to meet the interest payments and this makes the company to be more vulnerable to the increases in the interest rates. Liquidity Ratios Liquidity ratio is the ratio that is used to examine the runniness of a company. It includes Current Ratio Current ratio is the ratio of current assets to current liabilities. Harbour-link Group Berhad has it current ratio decreasing from the year of 2008 to 2010. Its current ratios are 1. 90, 1. 76 and 1. 57 respectively. The ratio is decreased by 14% and 19%.The data is calculated as shown in the findings. Liquid Ratio Liquid ratio is the ratio of (current assets-inventory) to (current liabilities- aver overdraft). Harbour-Link Group Berhad has borrowings so on that point is bank overdraft existed and thats why it is classifies as a debt financing organization. The company has a higher(prenominal) liquid ratio of 2. 34 in the year of 2010 compared to the year of 2008 and 2009 which is 1. 88 and 1. 75 respectively. The liquid ratio of the 3 financial years exceeded 1 and this indicates that the current assets are greater than the current liabilities.Higher liquid ratio reflects better performance of the company. Net working Capital Net working capital is the difference surrounded by current assets and the current liabilities. In the three financial years, Harbour-Link Group Berhad has the highest web working capital of RM 51. 4 cardinal in the year of 2008. The write in code of net working capital for Harbour-link Group Berhad decreased in the year of 2009 and 2010 by 0. 43% and 12. 32% respectively. This shows that there is a drastic drop in the net working capital of year 2010. Profitability Ratios EBIT to total funds ratioEBIT to total funds ratio of Harbour-Link Group Berhad is decreasing in the range of 22% from the financial year of 2008 to 2009 and 21. 4% from the financial year of 2009 to 2010. The total funds consist of shareholders funds and borrowings. consort to the annual report, Harbour-Link Group Berhad is practicing debt-financing to raise funds because there is borrowing existed. Return on righteousness (ROE) Harbour-link Group shows a decrease in net income from year 2008 to 2010. This feature leads to the decrease in the return on equity (ROE) of 5%.In the financial year of 2010, it has the ROE of 0. 08 which indicates that for all(prenominal) RM1 of the capital that the shareholder invested into, they will get 8% of return. Return on Assets The return on assets measures the productiveness of assets in destinations of the level of clams each dollar of assets generates. (Karen D. H, 2004, p. 131) The return on assets of the Harbour-Link Group Berhad is decreasing from the financial year of 2008 to 2010. It decreased from 8% of year 2008 to 7% in the year of 2009 and then 5% in the year of 2010.This implies that the productivity of the companys assets is not doing well in terms of profits that the assets generated. Net Profit Margin The net profit margin is the ratio of net profit afterward tax to the total taxations. In the financial year of 2008 and 2009, Harbour-Link Group Berhad has the net profit margin figure of 8%. It indicates that the company has a net income of RM0. 08 for each RM1 of sales. However, the net profit margin for the year of 2010 decreased by 2% which is only 6% in the financial year. This shows that for every RM1 of sales made by the company in year 2010, the net income is only RM0. 6 which is RM0. 02 lower than the previous year. Share Price Price to Earnings Ratio (P/E) Price to Earning ratio is calculated by using the share charge of the year 2010 over the earnings per share. The market bell of Harbour-Link Group Berhad was amounted to RM 0. 72 in the year of 2010. From the annual report of the financial year of 2010, the earning per share is RM 0. 11. By using the formulae, the price to earning per share of 2010 is calculated as shown in the table with a figure of RM 6. 825. Current Economic Analysis Roots of orbiculate financial crisisGlobal financial crisis are usually caused by bad regulation of the banking heavenss, failure of fiscal and monetary insurance implemented and so forth. In the year of 2008, Financial crisis began with the declared of bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. which is the fourth largest investment bank in join States. It was a severe ongoing military personnel financial problem that began in U. S in the year of 2008. This recession has entirely micturateting on the fragile global economy with the awesome devastation in countries all around the world. The U.S government was trying to point the finger of the financial crisis to the rating agencies, who knew about the great risk that was coming but kept giving high reliability ratings to companies that did not deserve them and thus investors invested in the wrong companies. The cause of the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc was the accumulation of debt and the increasing of loan defaults. wherefore it evolved into a world crisis The news on bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Company led to the drastic fall in the share price all over the world.The company had billions of dollars losses incurred in the mortgage market of United States. (BBC NEWS, 16th Sept 2008) In Lehman Brothers case and the other investment banks, the problem was provoked by 2 major factors which are the very high level of leverage ratio and the dependence on dead-t erm debt financing. Commercial banks cannot leverage their equity more than 15 to 1 as they are regulated but for Lehman Brothers Company, it had a leverage ratio of more than 30 to 1. According to the table 1, Lehman Brothers had only $3. 30 of equity for every $100 of loans. With this ratio, it makes the company to be insolvent.Conversely, the instability arose from the leverage problem was aggravated by the tight reliance on the short term debt. Based on table 1(Lehman Brothers Liabilities and shareholders equity), at the beginning of the crisis, the company financed greater than 50% of the assets. Reliance on short term debt financing is useful indeed when it comes to a low interest rate market surroundings. However, when the company faced rumors of the insolvency problem, the short term lenders will leave to have doubt on the companys performance and therefore, they will start to withdraw their funds from the company for self interest protection.This scenario will lead to a shortage of liquidity for the borrower and thus the company tends to default. After the crisis began, Lehman Brothers did try to decrease its leverage and reduce its dependence on the short term borrowing but it was too late for them to amend the shoes and therefore, bankruptcy occurred. The bankruptcy of Lehmans brother forced the reassessment of risk in the market by looking at the price of the credit default trades. Impact on Malaysia and world economies The crisis started in the year of 2008 had a great hit on Malaysia and world economies.It causes the gas price had a drastic drop, decreasing of the value of real estates, the increasing of unemployment rate, Federal debt crisis and inflation. There is a global explosion in commodities price. The price of crude oil was be at high levels for few years till the end of 2008, the crude oil price dropped from the broadsheet in July 2008 of US$145 to US$30. 28 per barrel in December 2008. (Forbes, 2008) According to the findings in table 2, the unemployment rate of Malaysia increased by 3. 13% from the year of 2008 to 2009 and 12. 12% from the year of 2009 to 2010. Malayan future stinting At first, Malaysia was aiming to have 9% of average annual harvest-festival Domestic Product (GDP) until 2020. Suddenly, according to the Economic Planning Unit, the government noted that the number is absurd then they changed and told that Malaysia was capable to achieve 5. 4% of Growth Domestic Product (GDP) annually over the next 10 years to achieve the objective of comely a high income economy by 2020, which is the vision 2020 (East Asia Forum, 2009). These seem that Malaysias economic future is uncertainty. It keeps changing.Besides, Malaysias government has a close relationship with its private line of productses. Because of the relationship with some business groups have on the face of it led to the emergence of political cronies with unlimited access to public resources. Not only the relationship that stir abov e but besides the experience of neighbouring Indonesia shows that it is a dangerous trend that could prejudiciously affect economic development in the future. In this matter, changes in political leadership led to unstable political environment. Although it does not directly essence on Malaysia, it threatens he influx of refugees caused damage regional stability and social stability. Malaysias naval economy can be defined as the production and manner of use of the range of goods and services that are linked to the oceanic sector (Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman, 1997). It covers the activities that are resource based, including fisheries, oil and gas, marine biotechnology and those that are service based such as shipping ports, shipbuilding and repair and the myriad range of supplemental maritime services ( ocean Institute of Malaysia,2005).Malaysias main concern is the future of marine economy of the future of Malaysian trade, because the countrys foreign and domestic trade, or even almost totally dependent on sea transport facilities. From this we can know that it will have a very bright prospect in maritime economy. If Malaysia is to achieve the goals of industrialization, productivity-driven growth and enhancing competitiveness will depend on how the maritime sector is managed. The maritime sector has a main role to play in enhancing productivity-driven growth. An of the essence(p) element that will affect efforts to get down international competitiveness is productivity.But, for longer term, Malaysia will need to maintain its international competitiveness, since there is rising contest from other emerging markets for Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) and for the transfer of modern technologies. Environmental issues are also valuable for Malaysia in the longer term as deforestation and global climate change may destabilize the countrys agriculture, which still plays an important role in the national economy. What is the most important is the political wi ll effect a change to system-centred thinking in planning the future of the economy. So, a stable political environment is very important to Malaysia.If the political environment of Malaysia is good, it will have a bright future of economy. Solutions to the Global Financial Crisis or crises in general. Banks and financial institutions can cause a downswing of an economy because of their ignorance of the business cycle. Besides, bankers are greedy with the fat bonuses that they will gain if they get the highest market shares results. When the economy is doing well, they expect that there will be no recession problem is going to occur and therefore they will ease up loans to their customers without considering their customers affordability to repay the loans.Once their customers cannot afford to repay the loans, recession will occurs. To overcome these crisis problems, several steps can be used. Government and bankers often intervene to smooth the peaks and valleys of the economic cy cle. There are two objectives that the government and bankers can do to prevent serious downswing of an economy. 1) Speedy intervention to prevent a self-perpetuating downward spiral, which means protecting depositors at minimal long term cost to the taxpayer.For example, the Federal reserve may lop the money supply in good times to slow the expansion phase of the economic cycle, or deficit spend and cut interest rates to ease the recessionary phase of an economic cycle. 2) undertake so far as possible that future booms are less exaggerated. This has implications for the form of any pull through package, and for the system of financial oversight that is put in place. The growth of consumer credits will increase the white plague of the consumer. The increase in the consumption will increase the aggregate demand of the country whereby AD equals to C + I + G + (X-M). Mc Taggart et al, 2007 p. 766). When the AD is increasing, it means that GDP is also increasing. This shows that the consumer credits provided will also be increased and therefore people will keep on borrowing money from the banks for consumption. This situation actually can amplify the business cycle and extend the upswing of the economy. Industry analysis The domestic and the world economy were in a downturn in the year of 2009. All the industry was affected and they are making an effort to maintain their previous performance and growth momentum. In the year of 2009, Harbour-Link Group Berhad suffered revenue declined by 5. 9% to RM 327. 6 million. The revenue decreased again by 5. 76% to RM 308. 7 million compare to the previous year due to lower selling prices and softer consumer demand. One of the Company competitors, Swee Joo Berhad was also suffered by achieved a turnover of RM 346. 7 million which is 9. 9% lower than the previous financial period. The lower turnover was also impacted by the recovery state for the economy. Swee Joo Berhad has a reduce in current ratio from 0. 648 to 0. 278 which seems to be lower than that of the Harbour-Link Group Berhad and therefore Harbour-link seems to have a better current ratio.Swee Joo Berhad has a negative figure for its Earnings before interest and tax of -11. 32 million and -176. 82 million in the year of 2009 and 2010. This is a huge loss for the company. It shows that Harbour-Link has a better performance than its major competitor, Swee Joo Berhad. Although the economy showed signs of recovery, but most of the economists hold that the sustained global recovery is still vague. This situation greatly influenced the consumers spending behavior. According to the Edge, Harbour-Link Unit obtained the secured contracts of RM75. 2 to supply gantry cranes for the Bintulu Port Sdn Bhd.The contracts were expected to be done in the year of 2012 and its also expected to escalate the future revenue and earnings positively for Harbour-Link Group Berhad. (The Edge, 11 April 2011) There are several ways for the companies to perform bette r during this hard period. However, the suppliers are also important causes which will affect the company performance. Although Harbour-Link Group Berhad suffered lower revenue during the year, however, it obtained quite a number of walloping projects with a favorable amount of contracts worth which is believed to boost the revenues for the future of the company itself.This scenario will assist Harbour-Link Group Berhad to create a stronger visibility and allow it to be well positioned for the economic recovery. Findings pic Table 1 shows Lehman Brothers Liabilities and Shareholders Equity outset Lehman Annual Reports Year Unemployment Rate Percentage Change 2006 3. 60 2007 3. 50 -2. 78% 2008 3. 20 -8. 7% 2009 3. 30 3. 13% 2010 3. 50 12. 12% Table 2 shows the unemployment rate in Malaysia Source CIA World Factbook Conclusion In conclusion, although the Harbour-Link Group Berhad has a downturn in its overall performances in the financial year of 2009 and 2010 as the results shown in the findings, but it has a better performance than its main competitor, Swee Joo Berhad in the shipping industries.The Harbour-Link Group Berhad is overall well organized in its financial statements as shown in the annual reports and it can be categorized as a profitable and successful listed company in Malaysia. On the eyeshot of investors, Harbour-link is counted as a good investment company and therefore investors are advised to consider Harbour-link Group Berhad as one of their investment company because the company has a good expectation to have a huge increase in its future economic benefits.The future economy of Malaysia is expected to have a good return and therefore this ensure that Harbour-Link Group Berhad is a wise investment for the future benefits. References Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman, 1997, The Maritime Economy of Malaysia, Pelanduk Publication BBC News, 16 September 2008, http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/business/7615931. stm Bursa Malaysia 2010- Equities, Bursa Malaysia Berhad, viewed on 26 April 2011 http//www. bursamalaysia. com/website/bm/market_information/prices/ East Asia Forum, Malaysias Economic Future, view on 1 May 2011, http//www. eastasiaforum. org/2009/11/24/malaysias-economic-future/Encyclopedia of the Nations, Malaysia- Future Trends, viewed on 2 May 2011, http//www. nationsencyclopedia. com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/Malaysia-FUTURE-TRENDS. hypertext markup language Forbes 2008- Crude Oil Prices 1861 2009, Forbes. com 2010, viewed on28 April 2011, http//www. forbes. com/2008/05/13/oil-prices-1861-today-real-vs-nominal_flash2. html Giles, R & Capel, J 1994, Finance and accounting, 3rd Edition, MacMillan, London Harbour-Link Group Berhad 2011, harbour. com. my Total Logistics &EPCC Provider N. V 2009&2010, Harbour-Link Group Berhad, viewed on 22 April 2011, http//www. harbour. om. my/ Karen D. Halpern, 2004, Understanding Finance Money, Capital and investments, Pearson, New Jersey. Maritime Institute of Malaysia, Malaysi a and Port Competitiveness, 2005 Mc Taggart et al, 2007, Macroeconomics, 5th Edition, Pearson, Australia The Edge Financial Daily, 11 April 2011 viewed on 24 April 2011. http//www. theedgemalaysia. com/ The Star Online 2011- Market watch, Star Publications (M) Berhad, viewed on 24 April 2011, http//biz. thestar. com. my/marketwatch/charts/l. asp? code=2062HARBOUR&p1=0. 99&p2=0. 985&p3=0. 99&p4=0. 985&p5=0. 99&p6=0&p7=0. 00&p8=915&p9=0. 532

Modernization of Gambling Games in Philippines

distributively int epochctive racy occupyd by computer circuitry. The apparatuss, or plat mannikins, on which electronic calamitys argon hoydened wholeow general-purpose sh bed and personal computers, arcade consoles, video consoles connected to home television sets, and slip awayheld risque automobiles. The term video feeble rout out be substance abused to represent the perfectity of these formats, or it kitty refer more(prenominal) specific bothy only to mealys compete on devices with video dis animates television and arcade consoles Forms of on patronage shimmer The ne iirk has do way for new character references of sport to form on descent.The recent improvements in technology engage once again changed prognosticate habits just as Video Lottery Terminal, keno and Scratchcards changed the romp manufacturing in the early 20th century. Internet fun has be nonplus one of the c put down to pop and bullionmaking business present on the Internet. I n 2007 the gambling commission responsibilityd that the gambling industry achieved a turnover of over 84 billion according to the UK Gambling Commission. This is partly due to the wide ambit of gambling options that atomic recite 18 available to facilitate umpteen dissen tenner- markt types of people. 3 editPoker Main bind Online fire hookOnline stove salamander halting venture tabularises unremarkably mountain pass Texas defy em, Omaha, Seven-card stud, razz, HORSE and new(prenominal) feeble types in both tournament and ring game structures. Players play against each other rather than the house, with the card room making its specie by dint of rake and through tournament fees. editCasinos Main phrase Online cassino There atomic chassis 18 a whacking second of online gambling casinos in which people atomic number 50 play casino games much(prenominal) as roulette, blackjack, pachinko, chemin de fer and m whatever others.These games argon played against the house which bring ups money due to the fact that the odds argon in its favor. editSports forebode Main article Sports debauched Sports sportsmanlike is the activity of predicting sports results and placing a represent on the upshot. editBingo Main article Online beano Online keno is the game of lotto (USnon-US) played on the Internet. editLotteries Main article Online lottery close to lotteries be run by governments and ar heavily protected from competition due to their ability to baffle puffy taxable cash flows. The first off online lotteries were run by private individuals or companies and licensed to operate by itty-bitty countries. near private online lotteries imbibe stopped trading as governments deport passed new laws queen-sized(a) themselves and their own lotteries greater protection. Government controlled lotteries now liberty chit their games online. editUK National Lottery The UK National Lottery started in 1994 and is operated by the Camelot Gr oup. Around 70% of UK adults play the National Lottery regularly, making the clean annual gross revenue over 5 billion apart from the year 2000-01 where sales carryped just below that. In its first 17 years it has cleard over 2,800 millionaires. 4 In 2002 Camelot decided to re make the National Lottery primary(prenominal) embroil by and by f in alling ticket sales.The name National Lottery was kept as the general name for the formation and the main draw was renamed Lotto. The advertising campaign for the new Lotto bell 72 Million which include 10 television advertisements featuring Scottish comedian Billy Connolly and one of the largest ever poster campaigns. The new brand and name had the slogan Dont peppy a little, live a Lotto5 edit cavalry racing postting Horse racing stakesting comprises a significant percentage of online gambling flirts and all major Internet bookies, flirtting exchanges, and sports books pop the question a wide variety of ply racing degrade d markets editMobile gamblingMain article Mobile gambling Mobile gambling refers to play games of chance or skill for money by using a outside device such as a shelvet computer, smart promise or a officious phone with a wire slight cybersp atomic number 53 connection. editIn-Play gambling In-Play gambling is a feature on m both online sports promise websites that provides the user to bet spot the event is in progress. A benefit of live in-play gambling is that thither are a lot more markets. For example, in Association foot globe a user could bet on which actor leave alone receive the beside Yellow card, or which team leave behind be awarded the next corner kick. 6 editProvably fair gamblingWith the dawn of Bit come across, provably fair gambling7 in addition became available for a global audience. These gambling sites allow the public to see how terminations are ground on the gamblers input and a secret digit that is dis closed and changed for the next rounds every hour for example. This allows online gamblers to verify if the website played fair. editFunds transfers Gambling money online can come from credit card, electronic check, certified check, money order, or even wire transfer. 8 Normally, gamblers upload blood lines to the online gambling comp either, make bets or play the games that it advances, and then cash out any benignants.Gamblers can a good deal fund gambling accounts by credit card or debit card, and cash out pleasings presently spine to the card tumefy-nigh U. S. banks, however, prohibit the use of their cards for the purpose of Internet gambling, and attempts by Americans to use credit cards at Internet gambling sites are commonly rejected. 9 A number of electronic money services offer accounts with which online gambling can be funded however, galore(postnominal) top fund-transfer sites such as FirePay, Neteller & Moneybookers contain discontinued service for U. S. esidents. Payment by check and wire transfer i s likewise leafy ve exac hold over and close to gambling bequeathrs accept Bitcoin, a digital currency.Online salamander From Wikipedia, the urgencyon encyclopedia Online stove fire hook is the game of poker played over the Internet. It has been partly responsible for a huge outgrowth in the number of poker pseudos worldwide. Christiansen Capital Advisors stated online poker revenues grew from $82. 7 million in 2001 to $2. billion in 2005,1 trance a survey carried out by DrKW and Global Betting and Gaming Consultants asserted online poker revenues in 2004 were at $1. 4 billion. 2 In a testimony before the United States Senate regarding Internet Gaming, Grant Eve, a Certified Public Accountant representing the US Accounting Firm Joseph Eve, Certified Public Accountants, estimated that one in every four dollars is gambled online. 3 Traditional (or brick and trench mortar, B&M, live, land-based) venues for contend poker, such as casinos and poker live, may be intimidati ng for novice role players and are a lot located in geographically disparate locations.Also, brick and mortar casinos are reluctant to promote poker because it is difficult for them to profit from it. Though the rake, or season charge, of handed-down casinos is ofttimes high, the opportunity prices of running a poker room are even higher(prenominal). Brick and mortar casinos often make much more money by removing poker rooms and adding more time one-armed bandit machines for example, figures from the Gaming Accounting Firm Joseph Eve estimate that poker accounts for 1% of brick and mortar casino revenues. 3 Screenshot of open-source PokerTH tableOnline venues, by contrast, are dramatically cheaper because they have much smaller bang be. For example, adding a nonher table does non take up valuable space like it would for a brick and mortar casino. Online poker rooms also allow the players to play for low stakes (as low as 1/2)4 and often offer poker freeroll tournaments (wh ere at that place is no entrance fee), attracting beginners and/or less wealthy clientele. Online venues may be more vulnerable to certain types of fraud, especially collusion amongst players. However, they have collusion detection abilities that do non exist in brick and mortar casinos.For example, online poker room security employees can look at the hand history of the cards previously played by any player on the site, making patterns of conduct easier to detect than in a casino where colluding players can simply fold their hands without anyone ever lettered the strength of their holding. Online poker rooms also check players IP addresses in order to prevent players at the equal household or at known open proxy emcees from playing on the same tables. Free poker online was played as early as the late 1990s in the form of IRC poker.Planet Poker was the first online cardroom to offer solid money games. The first real money poker game was dealt on January 1, 1998. Author Mike Caro became the face of Planet Poker in October 1999. The major online poker sites offer varying features to entice new players. bingle common feature is to offer tournaments called satellites by which the winners gain entry to real-life poker tournaments. It was through one such tournament on PokerStars that Chris Moneymaker won his entry to the 2003 manhood Series of Poker. He went on to win the main event, causing shock in the poker world, and root the poker boom.The 2004 World Series featured terzetto times as many players as in 2003. At least four players in the WSOP concluding table won their entry through an online cardroom. comparable Moneymaker, 2004 winner Greg Raymer also won his entry at the PokerStars online cardroom. In October 2004, Sportingbet, at the time the worlds largest publicly traded online gaming company (SBT. L), announced the acquisition of ParadisePoker. com, one of the online poker industrys first and largest cardrooms. The $340 million dollar acqu isition pronounced the first time an online cardroom was owned by a public company.Since then, several other cardroom parent companies have gone public. In June 2005, PartyGaming, the parent company of the then largest online cardroom, PartyPoker, went public on the London Stock Exchange, achieving an sign public offering market value in excess of $8 billion dollars. At the time of the IPO, ninety- ii percent of Party Gamings income came from poker operations. In early 2006, PartyGaming moved to acquire EmpirePoker. com from Empire Online. ulterior in the year, bwin, an Austrian based online gambling company, acquired PokerRoom. com.Other poker rooms such as PokerStars that were rumored to be exploring sign public offerings have postponed them. 5 As of March 2008, there are fewer than forty stand-alone cardrooms and poker networks with detectable levels of traffic. There are however more than 600 independent doorways or skins into the group of network sites. 6 As of January 2009, the majority of online poker traffic occurs on just a few major networks, among them PokerStars, Full bung Poker and the iPoker Network. As of February 2010, there are approximately 545 online poker websites. 7Within the 545 active sites, about two twelve are stand-alone sites (down from 40 in March 2008), while the remaining sites are called skins and operate on 21 diverse shared networks, the largest network being iPoker which has dozens of skins operating on its network. 8 Of all the online poker rooms PokerStars. com is deemed the worlds largest poker site by number of players on site at any one time. 9 By May 2012 PokerStars. com had increased their market share to more than 56%. 10 How online poker rooms profit Typically, online poker rooms generate the bulk of their revenue via four methods. First, there is the rake.Rake is lay in from roughly real money ring game pots. The rake is normally calculated as a percentage of the pot based on a sliding scale and capped at bot h(prenominal) maximum fee. severally online poker room determines its own rake structure. Since the expenses for running an online poker table are smaller than those for running a live poker table, rake in roughly online poker rooms is much smaller than its brick and mortar counterpart. Second, hands played in pre-scheduled multi-table and impromptu sit-and-go tournaments are non raked, scarce rather an entry fee slightly quintuple to ten percent of the tournament buy-in is added to the entry cost of the tournament.These two are usually specified in the tournament details as, e. g. , $20+$2 ($20 represents the buy-in that goes into the prize pool and $2 represents the entry fee, de facto rake). Unlike real casino tournaments, online tournaments do not get off the ground principal tips and other expenses from the prize pool. Third, some online poker sites also offer games like blackjack or side bets on poker hands where the player plays against the house for real money. The o dds are in the houses favor in these games, thus producing a profit for the house. rough sites go as far as acquiring affiliated with online casinos, or even integrating them into the poker room parcel. Fourth, like approximately all institutions that hold money, online poker sites invest the money that players deposit. Regulations in most(prenominal) jurisdictions exist in an effort to limit the class of risks sites can take with their clients money. However, since the sites do not have to pay interest on players bankrolls even low-risk investments can be a significant source of revenue. Differences compared with conventional poker There are substantial differences between online poker gaming and conventional, in-person gaming.One obvious difference is that players do not sit right across from each other, removing any ability to observe others reactions and body language. Instead, online poker players learn to focus more keenly on opponents betting patterns, reaction time, speed of play, use of check boxes/auto plays, opponents fold/flop percentages, blurt box, waiting for the big blind, beginners tells, and other behavior tells that are not physical in nature. Since poker is a game that requires adaptability, successful online players learn to master the new frontiers of their surroundings.Another less obvious difference is the rate of play. In brick and mortar casinos the dealer has to collect the cards, shuffle, and deal them after every hand. Due to this and other delays common in offline casinos, the average rate of play is around thirty hands per hour. However, online casinos do not have these delays. The transaction and shuffling are repetitiveaneous, there are no delays relating to counting chips (for a split pot), and on average the play is faster due to auto-action pushs (where the player selects his action before his turn).It is not uncommon for an online poker table to average ninety to one hundred hands per hour. There are many ways in which online poker is considerably cheaper to play than conventional poker. While the rake structures of online poker sites ability not differ fundamentally from those in brick and mortar operations, most of the other incidental expenses that are entailed by playing poker in a live room do not exist in online poker. An online poker player can play at home and thus incur no transportation be to get to and from the poker room.Provided the player already has a somewhat modern computer and an Internet connection, there are no further up-front equipment costs to get started. There are also considerable incidental expenses once on a live poker table. In addition to the rake, tipping the dealers, chip runners, servers and other casino employees is almost universally expected, putting a further drain on a players profits. Also, whereas an online player can cipher and leave tables almost as he pleases, once seated at a live table a player must remain there until he wishes to stop playing , or else go back to the bottom f the waiting total.Food and beverages at casinos are more often than not expensive even compared to other cordial reception establishments in the same city, let alone compared to at home, and casino managers feel little incentive to provide any complementary food or drink for poker players. citation holded In the brick and mortar casinos, the only real way a player can increase his earnings is to increase his limit, likely encountering better opponents in the bidding. In the online world, players have another option play more tables.Unlike a traditional casino where it is physically impossible to play at more than one table at a time, most online poker rooms permit this. Depending on the site and the players ability to make speedy decisions, a player might play several tables at the same time, viewing them each in a separate windowpane on the computer display. For example, an average profit around $10 per 100 hands at a low-limit game is genera lly considered to be good play. In a casino, this would earn a player chthonian $4 an hour.After dealer tips, the winning player would probably barely break even before any other incidental expenses. In an online poker room, a player with the same win rate playing a relatively easy pace of four tables at once at a relatively sluggish 60 hands per hour each earns about $24/hour on average. The main restriction limiting the number of tables a player can play is the need to make establishmentatically good decisions within the allotted time at every table, but some online players can in effect play up to eight or more tables at once.This can not only increase winnings but can also help to keep a players income reasonably stable, since instead of staking his inherent bankroll on one higher limit table he is splitting his bankroll, wins and losses amongst many lower limit tables, probably also encountering somewhat less skilled opponents in the process. Another important difference r esults from the fact that some online poker rooms offer online poker schools that teach the basics and importantly speed up the learning curve for novices.Many online poker rooms also provide free money play so that players may practice these skills in various poker games and limits without the risk of losing real money, and generally offer the hand history of played hands for analysis and discussion using a poker hand converter. People who previously had no way to learn and improve because they had no one to play with now have the ability to learn the game much quicker and gain experience from free-money play. The limits associated with online poker range down to far lower levels than the table limits at a traditional casino.The marginal cost of opening each online table is so minuscule that on some gambling sites players can flummox limits as low as $. 01$. 02. By comparison, at most brick and mortar establishments the lowest limits are often $1$2. Few (if any) online poker sites allow action to be taken in the dark, while this is usually allowed and applied by players in real gaming houses. It is also not uncommon for online poker sites to not allow a player the option of showing their hand before folding if they are the giving up the pot to the last remaining bettor. This practice is also typically allowed in casinos. editOnline casino From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification. delight help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2013) Online casinos, also known as practical(prenominal) casinos or Internet casinos, are online versions of traditional (brick and mortar) casinos. Online casinos enable gamblers to play and wager on casino games through the Internet. Online casinos generally offer odds and payback percentages that are comparable to land-based casinos.Some online casinos claim higher payback percentages for exp ansion slot machine games, and some publish payout percentage audits on their websites. Assuming that the online casino is using an appropriately programmed random number generator, table games like blackjack have an established house edge. The payout percentage for these games are established by the rules of the game. Many online casinos lease or purchase their software from companies like Microgaming, Realtime Gaming, Playtech, International Game Technology and cryptanalytic Inc. Online casino typesOnline casinos can be divided into two groups based on their interface web-based and download-only casinos. Some casinos offer both interfaces. editWeb-based online casinos Web-based online casinos are websites where users may play casino games without downloading software to the local computer. Games are mainly stand for in the browser plugins Macromedia flair, Macromedia Shockwave, or Java and require browser support for these plugins. Also, bandwidth is needed since all graphics, sounds and animations are loaded through the web via the plugin. Some online casinos also allow gameplay through a plain hypertext markup language interface.Apple devices such as iPod, iPad and iPhone cannot play Flash games as the technology is not supported. editDownload-based online casinos Download-based online casinos require the download of the software client in order to play and wager on the casino games offered. The online casino software connects to the casino service provider and handles contact without browser support. Download-based online casinos generally run faster than web-based online casinos since the graphics and sound programs are located within the software client, rather than having to be loaded from the Internet.On the other hand, the initial download and facility of a download-based online casino client does take time. As with any download from the Internet, the risk of the program containing malware does exist. excuse the graphics and sounds at download-b ased online casinos are most of the time much better than those at web-based online casinos. editOnline casino game variants The game types through the online casino interface can also be divided into two categories live casinos, which offer live interactive casino gaming via video link, and virtual casinos, which provide computer simulations of popular casino games. citation neededHowever, there is a great deal of crossover between the two, as most of the major virtual casinos now offer live gaming, and websites that are predominantly marketed as live casinos usually tend to offer virtual gaming in addition to live dealer games. citation needed editVirtual casino games In a virtual casino game, the outcome of each game is dependent on the data produced by a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). This determines the order of the cards in card games, the outcome of a cube throw, or the results produced by the spinning of a slot machine or roulette swan.PRNGs use a set of mathematic al instructions known as an algorithm to generate a long teem of be that give the impression of true randomness. While this is not the same as true random number generation (computers are incapable of this without an external input source), it provides results that satisfy all but the most stringent requirements for true randomness. 1 When implemented correctly, a PRNG algorithm such as the Mersenne Twister will check over that the games are both fair and unpredictable.However, the player has to take it on trust that the software has not been rig to increase the house edge, as its inner workings are invisible to the user. Properly regulated online casinos are audited externally by independent regulators such as eCOGRA to undertake that their win percentages are in line with the stated odds, and this provides a degree of assurance to the player that the games are fair. citation needed editLive dealer casino games In a live casino game, a human dealer runs the game in real time fr om a casino gaming table, which can be seen via a live streaming video link.Players can make betting decisions via a console on their computer screen, and can communicate with the dealer using a text chat function. The results of the physical transactions by the dealer, such as the outcome of the roulette wheel spin or the dealing of cards, are translated into data that can be utilized by the software by bureau of optical character recognition (OCR) technology. This enables the player to interact with the game in much the same way as they would with a virtual casino game, except for the fact that the results are immovable by real-life actions rather than automated processes.These games are a lot more expensive for websites to legions than virtual games, as they involve a heavier investment in technology and staffing. A live casino studio typically employs one or more cameramen, several croupiers running the various games, an IT manager to ensure that any technical hitches are de alt with swiftly, and a pit boss that acts as an adjudicator in case of disputes between players and croupiers. In most cases, this requires at least a three room setup, comprising a live studio, a server/software room, and an analysts room.The configuration of these rooms varies from casino to casino, with some having several gaming tables in one room, and some having a single table in each room. 2 The high running costs involved with operating live dealer games is the reason why online casinos only tend to offer a handful of the most popular games in this format, such as roulette, blackjack, sic bo, baccarat, and poker. In comparison, the running costs associated with virtual games are very low, and it is not uncommon for online casinos to offer hundreds of different virtual casino games to players on their site.Online casinos vary in their approach to the hosting of live games, with some providing live games via their own television channel, and others offering the games alone v ia their website. In the case of televised games, players can often use their nimble phone or television remote controls to place bets instead of doing so via a computer connected to the internet. editGames offered A typical selection of gambling games offered at an online casino might include Baccarat Blackjack Craps Roulette Sic bo Online slot games Online poker Keno Bingo 31 Online bingoFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2010) Online bingo is the game of bingo (USUK) played on the Internet. It is estimated that the global gross gaming yield of bingo (excluding the United States) was US$500 million in 2006, and it is forecasted to grow to $1 billion by 2010. 1 Unlike screw orchiss used in regular bingo halls, online bingo sites use a random number generator.Most bingo halls also offer links to online poker and casino offerings as the patrons are often in the target market. One celebrated feature of online bingo is the chat functionality. Bingo sites strive to foster a sense of community and interaction between players as this helps customer retention. editMain types of bingo games There are four main types of bingo played around the world. In live nitrogen American bingo halls, they typically play the 75-ball version of bingo on a 55 card with the center square usually marked free.The earn B-I-N-G-O typically sit atop the 75 ball bingo card and they correspond with each of the five chromatography columns found on the bingo card. The desired pattern which players aim to achieve in 75 ball can vary dramatically, from a simple single line to more complicated themed patterns. The aim of the game, however, is perpetually the same to mark off the verse to achieve the desired pattern. Speed Bingo is a renewing played exactly the same, but be are simply called much qu icker. In the UK, part of Europe, Australia and parts of South America they play a 90-ball game, marked on a 93 card.Both types of bingo are prominent online. In 90-ball bingo, each card has three horizontal lines and nine columns. Each line contains five be, meaning each card has 15 numbers. The first column contains numbers from 1-9, the second column contains numbers from 10-19, the third column contains numbers from 20-29, all the way through to the final column which contains numbers from 80-90. A game of 90 ball bingo will normally be played in three stages one line, two lines and full house. In a one line game players need to mark a complete horizontal line across one card (i. e. , 5 numbers marked).The aim of a two lines game is to complete any two marked lines horizontally across one card (i. e. , 10 numbers marked). Finally a full house means all the numbers marked off on one card (all 15 numbers), as in a regular coverall game. The prize split differs for each stage of the game. The prize will be shared every bit among the winners if there is more than one. The full house is always the largest prize in any one game. A third type of bingo game is a rather quick game of bingo. It is played with 30 balls, numbered one through thirty and appropriately known as 30 ball bingo or speed bingo.The 30 ball bingo game utilizes a 3 3 card and the inclination of the game is to be the first bingo player to fill his or her card, which requires all nine numbers on your card to match the numbers that have been called out. The fourth main type of bingo game is 80 ball bingo, which is a hybrid between the 75 ball bingo rules and 90 ball bingo rules. The bingo cards are 44, thus they contain 16 numbers. Prizes are awarded in 80 ball bingo vary, depending on the game played. Some of the ways to win 80 ball bingo include being the first player to complete an entire line on their bingo card.The line can be horizontal, diagonal, or vertical. Getting four corners also c onstitutes a win in some 80 ball bingo games, whilst other games require multiple lines (1 or two lines), and sedate others require a full house. editHistory One of the earliest known online bingo games, launched in 1996, was a free bingo game called Bingo Zone. 2 To play, members had to provide demographic information in turn, members would receive targeted ads based on the demographics provided. 3 Another early pioneer for free online bingo was Uproar, which launched Bingo Blitz in 1998. 4Getting started Some operators require players to download free software to play their games. Other operators use JavaScript or Adobe Flash based games that allow you to play immediately online after registering a player account. Most sites accept a standard range of e-wallet funding options. Sites often provide a number of incentives to deposit, including matching bonuses where the site will reward depositing players by matching a percentage of their deposit. Recently, the US government has pas sed laws that limit banks ability to process credit cards for US citizens.The laws prevent US based payment providers from taking payments for online gaming. editPlaying Playing bingo online, players can make use of optional features which make playing the game easier, such as auto-daub. Auto-daub automatically marks off the numbers on cards as they are called, so players dont have to. Most software providers support other gaming features as Best display board Sorting and Best Card Highlighting where players cards are sorted and highlighted by closest to bingo. There is variety among the different kinds of bingo games that can be played.For example, some inexpensive game rooms appeal to the player who may want to play for just a 10 cents or 10 pence some bingo games only allow players to purchase the same amount of cards so they are not competing against the high rollers out there who buy many cards for the same game. editChat Whereas in land-based bingo where talking is strictly forbidden during a game, it is actively encouraged in online bingo. Chat functions as an effective retention tool, aimed especially at the predominantly female audience. It is customary for players to congratulate winning players with comments like WTG, or Way To Go.Much like instant messaging, online bingo chat communities have their own acronyms which are often used in replace of often repeated sentences. CM stands for chat monitor. (This can also stand for chat moderator in some other sites you may have CH which stands for chat host. ) The CM works for the bingo site as the host of a chat room and plays a role in welcoming players and creating a friendly and communal atmosphere in the room. This includes, but is not limited to, congratulating players when they win a game as well as playing chat games in-between bingo.Most sites have a chat protocol known as chat etiquette or chatiquette. editBingo networks There are a number of sites that will have the same promotions, identical graphics, the same bingo rooms and the same CMs. This occurs because they are part of a bingo network. In simple terms, this means a number of different sites (or front ends) are playing with the same numbers for the same jackpot (i. e. , the same back end). Multiple sites act as doorways to a single game, leadership to larger pools of players in chat rooms and more sizable pots to win, in an arrangement known as White Label Gaming. 5While the bingo software is the same, the brand owners are responsible for the look and feel of the site, unitedly with any promotions they wish to offer. This is an important feature of online bingo in that it is critical that any site have enough players to have a decent sized game. Hence, the bingo network shares players. Some operators shoot not to pool their players together and because they segregate their players, they operate on a stand-alone network, which again can be via white label (Brigend Limited is the most commonly used stand-alone w hite label software) or can be done through the use of proprietary software. edit Sports betting is the activity of predicting sports results and placing a wager on the outcome. editTypes of bets See also Glossary of bets offered by UK bookmakers editUnited States of America Aside from simple wagers such as betting a friend that ones favorite baseball game team will win its division or buying a football square for the Super till, sports betting is commonly performed through a bookmaker or through various online Internet outlets. The many types of bets include Straight Bets are wagers that are made against the spread.The spread, or line, is a number assigned by the bookmakers which handicaps one team and favors another. For example, in the NBA, when two teams play each other, one is perceived as being more likely to win. To attempt to make wagering on the underdog desirable, the bookmaker will give them rouses. Before game 5 of the 2012 NBA Finals, the Miami Heat were expected to beat the okeh City Thunder. The line read Miami -3, Oklahoma City +3. To determine who wins against the spread, the line is either added or subtracted from a teams final score.In the above example, if the bettor chose Miami, he would subtract 3 points from Miamis final score and compare that to Oklahomas final score. For him to win his bet, Miami would have to win the game by 4 points or more. This is the most common type of bet in sports. Proposition bets are wagers made on a very specific outcome of a match. Examples include guessing the number of goals each team scores in a handball match, betting whether a player will score in a football game, or wagering that a baseball player on one team will accumulate more hits than another player on the opposing team.Parlays involve multiple bets (usually up to 12) and will reward a successful bettor with a large payout. For example, a bettor could include four different wagers in a four-team parlay, whereby he is wagering that all four be ts will win. If any of the four bets fails to cover, the bettor loses the parlay, but if all four bets win, the bettor receives a substantially higher payout (usually 10-1 in the case of a four-teamer) than if he made the four wagers separately. Progressive parlays. A progressive parlay involves multiple bets (usually up to 12) and rewards successful bettors with a large payout, though not as large as normal parlays.However in a progressive parlay, unlike a regular parlay, a reduced payout will still be made even should some of the bets lose. Teasers. A teaser allows the bettor to combine his bets on two or more different games. The bettor can adjust the point spreads for the two games, but must get all the games correct to win and recognizes a lower final payment in comparison to parlays. If bets. An if bet consists of at least two straight bets joined together by an if clause which determines the wager process.If the players first selection complies with the condition (clause), t hen the second selection will have action if the second selection complies with the condition, then the third selection will have action and so on. Run line, puck line or goal line bets. These are wagers offered as alternatives to straight-up/moneyline prices in baseball, hockey or soccer, respectively. These bets feature a fixed point spread that (usually) offers a higher payout for the favorite and a lower payout for the underdog (both in comparison to the moneyline). Future wagers.While all sports wagers are by comment on future events, bets listed as futures generally have a long-term horizon measured in weeks or months for example, a bet that a certain NFL team will win the Super Bowl for the upcoming season. Such a bet must be made before the season starts in September, and winning bets will not pay off until the conclusion of the Super Bowl in January or February (although many of the losing bets will be clear well before then and can be closed out by the book). Odds for suc h a bet generally are expressed in a ratio of units paid to unit wagered.The team wagered upon might be 50-1 to win the Super Bowl, which means that the bet will pay 50 times the amount wagered if the team does so. Head-to-Head. In these bets, bettor predicts competitors results against each other and not on the overall result of the event. One example are Formula One races, where you bet on two or three drivers and their placement among the others. Sometimes you can also bet a tie, in which one or both drivers either have the same time, drop out, or get disqualified. Totalizators.In fitizators (sometimes called flexible-rate bets) the odds are changing in real-time according to the share of contribute exchange each of the possible outcomes have received taking into account the return rate of the bookmaker offering the bet. For example If the bookmakers return percentage is 90%, 90% of the amount put on the winning result will be given back to bettors and 10% goes to the bookmake r. Naturally the more money bet on a certain result, the smaller the odds on that outcome become. This is similar to parimutuel wagering in horse racing and dog racing. 2nd half bets.A 2nd half(Second half) bet is also sometimes called a halftime bet. This bet is placed only at halftime of a particular sporting event. This bet can be placed on the spread(Line) or over/under. The resulting bet that is placed is won or lost only on the points scored by both teams in the second half only. In-play betting. In-play betting is a feature offered by some online sports books that enables bettors to place new bets while a sporting event is in progress. editBookmaking The general role of the bookmaker is to act as a market maker for sports wagers, most of which have a binary outcome a team either wins or loses.The bookmaker accepts both wagers, and maintains a spread (the vigorish) which will ensure a profit regardless of the outcome of the wager. The Federal Wire Act of 1961 was an attempt by the US government to prevent illegal bookmaking. 1 However, this Act does not apply to other types of online gambling. 2 The Supreme Court has not ruled on the meaning of the Federal Wire Act as it pertains to online gambling. Bookmakers usually hold a 11-10 advantage over their customersfor small wagers it is closer to a 6-5 advantageso the bookmaker will most likely survive over the long term.Successful bookmakers must be able to withstand a large short term loss. (Boyd, 1981) Many of the leading gambling bookmakers from the 1930s to the 1960s got their start during the prohibition era of the 1920s. They were oftentimes descendants of the influx of immigrants coming into the USA at this time. Although the common stereotype is that these bookies were of Italian descent, it has been turn out that many of the leading bookies were of eastern European Jewish Ancestry. (Davies, 2001) Mobile gambling From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMobile gambling refers to playing games of chance or skill for money by using a remote device such as a tablet computer, smartphone or a mobile phone with a wireless internet connection. Over a dozen mobile casinos are operating as of March 2011. editMarket In 2005, Jupiter research forecast that global mobile gambling services would generate revenues of more than $19. 3 billion US dollars by 2009. 1 In 2010, Gartner analysts showed the 2009 global mobile gambling revenues at $4. 7 billion and forecast $5. 6 billion for 2010. 2 Such a large discrepancy between the 2005 forecast and the 2009 reality is attributed to the unexpected 2006 US prohibition of all internet based gambling. The mobile gambling market, as of 2011 is still in flux. The European Union still does not have a unified mobile gambling legislative framework in place. Each European country has their own set of widely different laws which regulate mobile gambling ranging from Finland where a government monopoly ope place internet casinos to Norway which is in favor of complete prohibition of online gambling. editMarket projectionsAccording to a juniper bush Research report3 released in September 2010 the total sum wagered on mobile casino games is expected to outflank $48 billion US dollars by 2015. The report bases this prediction on (1) the high growth rates of mobile casinos, lotteries and sports betting providers in major emerging markets and China (2) liberalization of mobile gambling lawmaking in Europe (3) United States repealing the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006, permitting people in the US to legally gamble online again. 3 A 2010 Gartner forecast sees 2014 global mobile gambling revenues reach $11. billion dollars. 2 editMobile casino games According to a February 2010 comScore MobiLens study4 of the U. S. mobile gaming market, smartphone subscribers are much more likely to play mobile casino games than subscribers of generic phones. The study revealed that 7. 6% of smartphone subscribers and 1. 2% of generic m obile subscribers played mobile casino games within a three month time frame. 4 As of March 2011, there is a total of approximately 100 casino style mobile games which permit the use of real moneycitation needed BaccaratBaccarat1 is a card game, played at casinos and by gamblers. There are three popular variants of the game punto banco (or North American baccarat), baccarat chemin de fer, and baccarat banque (or deux tableaux). Punto banco is strictly a game of chance, with no skill or strategy involved each players moves are forced by the cards the player is dealt. In baccarat chemin de fer and baccarat banque, by contrast, both players can make choices, which allows skill to play a part. Despite this, the winning odds are in favour of the bank, with a house edge no lower than around 1 per cent.Baccarat is a comparing card game played between two hands, the player and the banker. Each baccarat coup has three possible outcomes player (player has the higher score), banker, and tie. Blackjack From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the gambling game. For other uses, see Black Jack (disambiguation). Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is the most widely played casino banking game in the world. 1 Blackjack is a comparing card game between a player and dealer, meaning that players compete against the dealer but not against any other players.Blackjack is played with one or more decks of 52 cards. The object of the game is to reach 21 points or to reach a score higher than the dealer without exceeding 21. The player or players are dealt an initial two card hand and add the total of their cards. Face cards (Kings, Queens, and Jacks) are counted as ten points. The player and dealer can count his own ace as 1-point or 11 points. wholly other cards are counted as the numeric value shown on the card. After receiving their initial two cards, players have the option of getting a hit, which means taking an additional card.In a given round, the player or the dealer wins by having a score of 21 or by having the highest score that is less than 21. Scoring higher than 21 (called jadeing or going bust) results in a loss. A player may win by having any final score less than 21 if the dealer busts. If a player holds an ace valued as 11, the hand is called soft, meaning that the player cannot go bust by taking an additional card otherwise, the hand is hard. The dealer has to take hits until his cards total 17 or more points. (In some casinos, the dealer also hits on a soft 17, e. g. nitial ace and six. ) Players who do not bust and have a total higher than the dealer, win. The dealer will lose if he or she busts, or has a lesser hand than the player who has not busted. If the player and dealer have the same point total, this is called a push and the player typically does not win or lose money on that hand. Many rule variations of blackjack exist. Since the 1960s, blackjack has been a high pen target of advantage players, particularly card counters, who track the profile of cards that have been dealt and adapt their wager and playing strategies accordingly.Other casino games inspired by blackjack include Spanish 21 and pontoon. The recreational British card game of black jack is a shedding-type game and unrelated to the subject of this article. Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice. Players may wager money against each other (street craps, also known as shooter dice or rolling dice) or a bank (casino craps, also known as table craps).Because it requires little equipment, street craps can be played in informal settings Roulette is a casino game named after a French diminutive for little wheel. In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number or a range of numbers, the color red or black, or whether the number is odd or even. To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one guidan ce, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the wheel.The ball in conclusion loses momentum and falls on to the wheel and into one of 37 (in French/European roulette) or 38 (in American roulette) colored and numbered pockets on the wheel. Sic bo (), also known as tai sai (), dai siu (), big and small or hi-lo, is an unequal game of chance played with three dice, and of ancient Chinese origin. Grand hazard and chuck-a-luck are variants, and of English origin. The literal meaning of sic bo is precious dice, while dai siu and dai sai mean big or small. Sic bo is a casino game, popular in Asia and widely played (as dai siu) in casinos in Macau.It is played in the Philippines as hi-locitation needed. It was introduced into the USA by Chinese immigrants in the early 20th century, and can now be found in most American casinos. Since 13 May 2002, it can be played legally in licensed casinos in the United Kingdom, under The Gaming Clubs (Bankers Games) (Amendment) Regulations 2002 (Statutory Instrument 2002/1130). Gameplay involves betting that a certain condition (e. g. that all three dice will roll the same) will be satisfied by a roll of the dice. 1 editVariantsGrand Hazard is a gambling game of English origin, also played with three dice. (It is distinct from Hazard, another gambling game of Old English origin, played with two dice. ) The dice are rolled down a chute containing a series of inclined planes that cave in the dice as they fallcitation needed. Chuck-a-luck, also known as razzingcage, is a variant in the United States, which has its origins in grand hazard. The three dice are kept in a device that resembles a wire-frame bird cage and that pivots about its centre. The dealer rotates the cage end over end, with the dice landing on the bottom.Chuck-a-luck usually features only the single-number wagers, sometimes with an additional wager for any triple (all three dice showing the same number) with odds of 30 to 1 (or thereabouts). Chuck-a-luck was once common in Nevada casinos but is now rare, frequently having been replaced by sic bo tables A slot machine (American English), informally fruit machine (British English), the slots (Canadian English), poker machine or pokies (slang) (Australian English and New Zealand English) or simply slot (American English), is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed.Slot machines are also known as one-armed bandits because they were originally operated by a prise on the side of the machine (the arm) instead of a button on the front panel, and because of their ability to leave the gamer penniless (bandit). Many modern machines still have a legacy lever in addition to the button. Slot machines include a currency detector that validates the coin or money inserted to play. The machine pays off based on patterns of symbols visible on the front of the machine when it stops. Modern compute r technology has resulted in many variations on the slot machine concept.Slot machines are the most popular gambling method in casinos and constitute about 70 percent of the average US casinos income. Keno (pron. /ki?no?/) is a lottery or bingo gambling game often played at modern casinos, and is also offered as a game in some state lotteries. A traditional live casino keno game uses a circular glass barrier called a bubble containing 80 balls which determine the ball draw result. Each ball is imprinted with a number 1 through 80. During the ball draw, a blower pushes air into the bubble and mixes the balls.A caller presses a lever opening a tube, where the balls lift one at a time into a V cause tube called the rabbit ears. The caller and a verifier record each of 20 balls drawn, and the computerized keno system calculates all wagers based on the numbers drawn. Players wager by marking an S over the spot choices on a blank keno ticket form with 80 numbered selection boxes (1 to 80). After all players successfully place their wagers, the casino draws 20 balls (numbers) at random. Some casinos automatically call the ball draw at preset timed intervals regardless of whether or not players are waiting to place a wager.Each casino sets its own series of pay scale choices called paytables. The player is paid based on how many numbers drawn match the numbers selected on the ticket and according to the paytable selected with regard to the wager amount. Players will find a wide variation of keno paytables from casino to casino and a large aberration in the house edge set for each of those paytables. Additionally, each casino typically offers many different paytables and specialty keno bets for customers to choose from, each with its own unique house edge.No two casinos keno paytables are identical. There are several Reno and Las Vegas casinos offering as many as 20 or 30 different paytables from which the player can choose. citation needed The house edge ranges fr om less than 4%1 to well over 35%. 2 The typical house edge for non-slot casino games is between 0% and 5%. 3 With 227 outlets nationwide, e-Games is an Internet outlet use to casino games. With technology provided by PhilWeb, patrons can choose from over 300 casino games, including baccarat, blackjack, various slot machine games, video poker and others.Most e-Games cafes operate 24/7. You can easily switch from one game to another with just a click. Experience the comfort and privacy at e-Games nearest you. pinas online games Individuals registered with DTI or companies registered with sulfur may apply to become authorized e-Games outlet Operators. The e-Games operator handles the day-to-day operations of the e-Games and gets a periodic commission based on winnings. A typical e-Games outlet would have at least ten (10) ordinary PCs connected in a Local Area Network setup and a cashiers terminal.At any given time, there are at least only three (3) staff in the outlet. Thus, overh ead is minimal. Most e-Games outlets are open 24/7 and every transaction is in cash. Globally, sports betting accounts for a huge chunk of all gambling revenue. In the Philippines, legal sports betting is still in its infancy, however, the sports thinker of the Filipino has become broader and more open to games other than basketball. Realizing the potential inherent in Filipinos expanding sports interest, PhilWeb partnered with MegaSportsWorld (MSW) to offer sports betting via our network of e-Games cafes.MSW is a fully licensed sports book registered in the Philippines. It operates within strict guidelines of licenses issued by PAGCOR, the main regulatory body for the gaming industry in the Philippines. Betting is simple. A punter chooses from a list of sports events, game formats, and their corresponding odds. Once the punter is ready to make a bet, he hands his money to the cashier. The cashier then enters the bet into the system and prints out a ticket, which also serves as the claim fanny for any winning bets.PhilWeb Corporation is the leading gaming technology provider in the Asia Pacific Region. We are listed on the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSEWEB). PhilWeb excels in the gaming industry by providing superior and advance(a) products with the highest standards of customer service. We establish strategic partnerships to ensure a fair, secure and legal gaming experience for our customers. We create a rewarding and dynamic work environment where we attract, retain and motivate highly competent, passionate and sophisticated people, and deliver above-market value for our shareholders.PhilWeb today serves over 40,000 customers a day at our nationwide network of online cafs, sports betting kiosks and mobile games in the Philippines. In the Asia Pacific region, we have just begun serving customers in Guam, Timor Leste and Cambodia, markets which will exponentially increase our customer base. We are also negotiating similar contracts in Nepal, Sri Lanka, Laos and Palau, as we go to press. We are a lean organization, with just 300 employees at the end of September 2012, but a highly fertile one. In the last five years, we have generated