Prose †A Christmas Carol Essay

But it’s too late now’, showing either that he is not as bitter as we thought, or that he is already learning from the lessons he is being taught. He is also deeply affected in the third episode when talking to the Spectre about his late sister and her son; Fred, his nephew. After we see his reaction, which was filled with sorrow and remorse, we realise that a possible reason for his hatred of Christmas is because of the death of his sister, and the reason for Scrooge being so mean. Scrooge learns his lesson throughout the novel through the reactions he portrays through the episodes he sees. An important episode in this stave is the one of Scrooge at Mr. Fezziwig’s ball. This is because of the quote ‘He corroborated everything, remembered everything, enjoyed everything’, which is important because it shows that he can love and can, if he wants to, change. Also in this episode, Scrooge says ‘The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune’, which shows that Scrooge can still love, yet the positives are outweighed by the negatives in his life, so he does not see the point of loving and living. He also says ‘I should like to be able to say a word or two to my clerk just now’, which shows that he is getting the message and is learning the lesson that the Spirits have to give. The next strong reaction that the Ghost gets from Scrooge is after the scene with his fianci , which contains the evident emotions of sadness and regret. His may be for not changing his ways, or for the actions of his fianci , but they are portrayed when he says to the Spirit ‘Why do you delight to torture me? ‘ Lastly, Scrooge tries to extinguish the light upon the Spirit’s head, which is an obvious display of misery and pain which is evoked onto Scrooge in the various scenes. The vivid description of the Ghost at the beginning of the stave is symbolic, like the description of Marley’s chain in the first stave entitled ‘Marley’s Ghost’. The Spirit is described as ‘like a child: yet not so like a child as an old man’, which makes the Ghost seem innocent and good, the common perception a children. The Spectre also has ‘pure white’ clothing, which reinforces innocence, and holds a clove of holly, which symbolises Christianity, and purity also. Other vivid elements of the Spirit’s description include; a crown symbolising a halo which creates an obvious link to heaven and virtue, and ‘a great extinguisher for a cap, which it now held under its arm’, which emphasises its appearance as a ghost. Stave Three is entitled ‘The Second of the Three Spirits’, and at the beginning of which, Dickens creates an apprehensious, and suspenseful atmosphere through the use of the delayed visit from the second Spectre. Unlike the previous two times, pathetic fallery is not used, but, like the last time, the use of time is; ‘five minutes, ten minutes, a quarter of an hour went by, yet nothing came’. This creates suspense as to what will happen, and when the spirit will come. Dickens also sets the scene by having Scrooge on guard, ready for when the next spectre will come, and ready for the same greeting as from the spirit before. This is evident through the quote ‘But, finding that he turned uncomfortably cold when he began to wonder which of the curtains this new spectre would draw back, he put every one aside with his own hands’. This creates suspense because, when the Ghost doesn’t seem to come on time, both the reader and Scrooge begin to wonder if, how and when he will come. This suspenseful atmosphere is enhanced by ‘a strange voice’ calling Scrooge by his name. At this point, we do not know who or what it is, or even if it is the second of the three spirits, which builds up on the suspenseful atmosphere, because of the unknown. The Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge many things about, and to do with Christmas, and mainly shows him why people celebrate it, despite what conditions they live in. Firstly, the Ghost shows Scrooge the market place in the run-up to the present Christmas, with all of the food displays, the frenzied shopping and the excitement of Christmas, all of these things that Scrooge doesn’t do currently, or wouldn’t do without the lessons from the Ghosts, in the run-up to Christmas. This also says the fact that happiness does not come from the amount of money you have, but is through being with loved ones, and making an effort to please and enjoy. This is evident through the quote ‘but the customers were all so hurried and so eager in the hopeful promise of the day’, which describes the enthusiasm of everyone for that one day of the year which is the time for festiveness and family. The Ghost next takes Scrooge to the house of his employee; Bob Cratchitt and family, and sees how the family survive at Christmas, which is pitiful in itself, never mind how they survive normally. The quote ‘Such a bustle ensued that you might have thought a goose was the rarest of birds †¦ ; and in truth it was something like it in this very house’, illustrates how poor the Cratchitts are, for the goose is essentially ordinary, yet is extravagant in this house because they are used to so much less. Yet, this episode shows Scrooge and the reader that Christmas is not just to be celebrated because it is the birth of Jesus, or because it brings many gifts, but because it brings family together and lets people be happy and merry. Collectively, the first two episodes displays to Scrooge that Christmas is not about the bad times in the past, but is about family. Next, Scrooge visits the sailors, miners and lighthouse keepers at Christmas, which describes families and co-workers enjoying each others company, weather young or old, and celebrating Christmas in the ‘bowels of the earth’ and various other conditions, which is more than what Scrooge has ever done, even if his experiences have been the lesser of two evils. These episodes show Scrooge that happiness is not just about money, or is even to do with money, bit is within each other and within family. After that, the Spectre takes Scrooge to his nephew, Fred, celebrating Christmas with his wife and sisters-in-laws. Scrooge sees Fred’s ‘infectious’ laughter which lightens the mood of everyone there, showing that happiness is in others, but he also sees the ridicule they use against him. However, he also sees how much his nephew cares for him, when he says ‘his offences carry their own punishment, and I have nothing to say against him’. When Scrooge goes to see the miners, sailors and the lighthouse keeper, Scrooge learns an important lesson which will help him complete his journey with the three spirits. The lesson is reinforcing to Scrooge, and the reader, that happiness is in others, not in the amount of money one has. This is evident when describing the miners who, according to the spirit, ‘labour in the bowels of the earth’. Dickens describes the families with examples like ‘An old, old man and woman, with their children and their children’s children, and another generation beyond that, all decked out in their holiday attire’, which links to the poor, and their stereotypical big families, and this quote describes how closely linked and happy they are to be with each other, showing that, though they are poor, they are happy. This is also supported by the lighthouse keepers when Dickens says ‘Joining their horny hands over the rough table at which they sat, they whished each other a merry Christmas in their can of grog’. This quote also says that, despite how well off you are or where you live, you can be happy, which is the inevitable lesson Scrooge will learn. The lesson is also taught with the sailors with the quotation ‘and had remembered those he cared for at a distance, and had known that they delighted to remember him’. Scrooge also makes a realisation at his nephew’s house, when he hears what his family really think about him, and also sees how Christmas can be a happy occasion. Firstly, upon entering the house with the Spectre, Scrooge sees his nephew and other family after they have eaten their Christmas dinner, and enjoying the celebrations, which includes music and games like ‘blind-man’s buff’ and ‘yes and no’, the latter of which provided the main source of name-calling directed at Scrooge. However, upon entering, he initially hears a conversation on how it appears that only Fred takes pity on Scrooge, while his companions take delight in mocking him, with jokes about how rich he is and comments about their dislike for him, which contradicts from Fred’s view on Scrooge, like how ‘his offences carry their own punishment’, how he has nothing to say against him, and how ‘His wealth is no good to him. He don’t do any good with it’. After that, the family then goes onto play music, which reminds Scrooge of his days at boarding school, and also the Ghost of Christmas Past and the lessons that he had been shown so far, which adds to the morals he is learning because ‘he might have cultivated the kindness of life for his own happiness with his own hands, without resorting to the sexton’s spade that buried Jacob Marley’, which shows that Scrooge is learning to regret, and see what he has done wrong. Games then follow the music, and in them, happiness is reinforced, again, in others and not in money, through Topper playing ‘blind-man’s buff’ with Fred’s wife’s sister. However, when reaching the last game, Scrooge becomes the target of ridicule, even by Fred, by describing a ‘disagreeable animal, a savage animal, an animal that growled and grunted sometimes, and talked sometimes, and lived in London, and walked about the streets, and wasn’t made a show of, and wasn’t led by anybody, and didn’t live in a menagerie, and was never killed in a market, and was not a horse, or an ass, or a cow, or a bull, or a tiger, or a dog, or a pig, or a cat, or a bear’. The answer was indeed Scrooge, and shows how other people perceive him, even his own family. A major part in the lessons Scrooge learns come from the visit to the Cratchitts’, and he is deeply affected by it. Firstly, Scrooge sees how much, or most suitably how little, the poor, namely the Cratchitts in this episode, get to eat. This is evidently a contrast to what Scrooge would be used to, and would have affected him to see how different the conditions were for the poor. Also when Scrooge visits the Cratchitts, we are introduced to the character Tiny Tim, Bob Cratchitt’s disabled son, who is used in the novel as a symbol of the poor from Victorian England. Dickens uses Tiny Tim to evoke sympathy in both the reader and Scrooge, because of his disability and his poor living conditions, and also because of his good nature towards his life, and the sufferings of other people, showing that he is not selfish despite his condition. Also, Scrooge is affected by his visit to the Cratchitt’s because they seem to be a contradiction of how the poor were seen in typical Victorian times. They were mainly seen as feckless, immoral, idle and drunken, yet Tiny Tim and family are portrayed as loving, caring, moral people, which is another reason why both Scrooge and the reader react so strongly to this episode. When answering Scrooge’s question on whether Tiny Tim will live, the Ghost answers with a quote that Scrooge had said to the charity workers at the beginning of the novel; ‘decrease the surplus population’. This is teaching and reinforcing to Scrooge that his actions were not only wrong, but regrettable, especially after viewing the scene with Bob Cratchitt, Tiny Tim and their family. This also creates a greater impact on Scrooge because he knows they were his own, spiteful words, and shocks him into thinking he could ever say that. This also proves that he is learning the lessons of the Ghosts. When answering Scrooge, the Spirit also uses the line; ‘to hear the Insect on the leaf pronouncing on the too much life among his hungry brothers in the dust’. This line is a metaphor portraying Scrooge as an insect and the dust as the poor and hungry, like Tiny Tim, and reinforcing what Scrooge said earlier, about ‘decreasing the surplus population’. This says that the population is too big and that many should die to reduce it, which is something that Scrooge now regrets saying, so has a bigger impact on his reactions to the Spectre’s answer. At the end of the third stave, the Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge two creatures from under his cloak. They were shaped as children, a boy and a girl, who were described as ‘wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable’.

Jefferson vs. Hamilton: Confrontations That Shaped a Nation Essay

The book by Noble Cunningham seeks to showcase the contrasting ideas employed by Thomas Jefferson and Richard Hamilton in pursuit of forming and building the American nation. It offers analysis and insight surrounding their perceptions on how the country should be governed. The book copies excerpts from the two’s compositions and writings which can make readers appreciate and understand their points of view surrounding the issues of planning, implementation and issues surrounding the period of 1787-1804. On one hand, we see Alexander Hamilton who sought to promote a new approach in the economy wherein he advocates the urban mercantile interests. He advocated the role of a strong central government in the promotion of new economic policies that can improve commerce and industries (Cunningham, 2000). At the same time, he advocated that credit must be supplemented and be supported by adequate planning. Cunningham mentioned that this can be achieved by creating a Central Bank that is administrative of both fiscal and national industries (p.48). On the other hand, Thomas Jefferson who was an anti-federalist sought to advocate the rights of the state rights. Though both actors may adhere to the application of a central government in foreign affairs, Jefferson did not see it also applicable in other domestic and state affairs (Cunningham, 2000). Seeing this, the main argument between the two involves the creation of the Central Bank. Cunningham argued that for Jefferson, he viewed such scenario as a move to centralize the power of decision making from states to the central government (p. 65). In the end, the book offers a good presentation of the contending arguments and view of both actors which in the end paved the way for the creation and development of America during that period. It is through their efforts and contrasting views that their legacies shall forever be imparted in history as individuals who shaped and made changes possible for all. Work Cited Cunningham, Noble, E. Jefferson vs. Hamilton: Confrontations That Shaped a Nation. 2000 (US: Bedford/St. Martins) accessed 19 March 2009.

Business ethical failure - Worldcom with their audits Research Paper

Business ethical failure - Worldcom with their audits - Research Paper Example Upon the disclosure of massive accounting irregularities, WorldCom, which was the second biggest telecommunication company in the world, filed for insolvency in the summer of 2002 in the federal court of Manhattan. The major departures from the desired corporate behaviour experienced in the company came because of the failure of the directors to identify and effectively, combat abuses leading to the widespread culture of greed. The failure also resulted from irresponsible members within the corporation to perform their fiduciary duties to the shareholders (Pulliam & Solomon, 2002). The other failure resulted from lack of transparrency in the operations and the management of the company. There was no proper co-ordination between the board of directors and the senior management of the company. The system of checks and balances in the leadership of the company did not play its role leading to a complete failure of the system of governance. The real fraud in the company comprised of a series of topside manipulations to the accounting entries to cover dwindling earnings. Mostly, these comprised of wrong drawdowns of accumulated reserves from the acquizition program as well as other sources and innappropriate cost capitalizations that were to be added as expenses. In other words, according to Kuhn and Sutton (2006), it was a very good incident of the so called ‘books cooking’. The company overstated its earnings by about eleven billion dollars and its balance sheet by about seventy five billion dollars. Consequently, there was a shareholder loss of approximately two hundred and fifty billion dollars. The desirable market views of the company in the 1990s sustained by a number of acquizitions. During this time, WorldCom was in a constant mode of acquizition as the means of expanding its operations. In turn, this caused a very great pressure of keeping price of its stock high in

Sonny's blues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sonny's blues - Essay Example People of the club are generally referred to as being friendly with Sonny; serving to depict the contrast that exists between the inner and the outside world. At the same time, the author takes on a defensive tone when he tries to justify Sonny's drug addiction; "In order to keep from shaking to pieces" (Baldwin, 40). However, the author holds his sympathy in one hand and his honesty in the other; he criticizes the addiction of drugs in bitter words, blaming it to be the cause of pain and misery for Sonny. Baldwin's creation of characters is interesting in the sense that almost all characters have markedly contrasting personalities. Moreover, the characters are not merely characters; they are in fact representations of the classes of our society. Sonny, for example represents the drug affected population of the society. The prominent features associated with this character include the aspects of poverty, being black, various limitations imposed by the society, willingness to escape f rom his prevailing circumstances, suffering imprisonment and being a prisoner even after being released from the jail which is depicted by words like "caged animal". Likewise, the character of mother not only represents the mothers as an institution but also serves the purpose of explaining the role of all those in the society who actively engage in helping others. Baldwin associates a number of roles that he expects a mother to play; prophetic, saint-like and protector of the family. The writer has used a number of symbols to assist his understanding and to convey a clearer message to the reader. His use of jazz music appears to be associated with negative aspects of life like addiction and drugs. Later in the story, this symbol takes on an entirely new form and serves to establish a connection between the brothers. Another imagery that the writer uses often is ice. This is used to convey negative feelings and emotions that arise in response to unfavorable conditions. The discomfor t felt during such circumstances is especially troublesome for the author, which is expressed by the author in words like "it was a special kind of ice. It kept melting, sending trickles of ice water all up and down my veins, but it never got less" (Baldwin, 17). It also contains an element of longevity that is felt during conditions of stress. The writer has also utilized 'light' as a symbol for revelation. On various occasions during the different phases of story, light is used to point to a fact that was previously unrevealed to the readers as well as the characters of the story. Overall, the story revolves around the idea of sufferings and misery that mankind undergoes as a result of ghastly deeds. The author appears to be of the idea that although some elements in the society promote evils, the person who commits a crime is left alone to suffer in the end and this suffering continues till the end of life. The story sharpens our understanding of the human nature by providing clu es to the human nature in the form of various symbols and incidents which are relatable to our real lives. A number of facts are hidden from the readers in the start, which are revealed later on in the story; this serves as a means of understanding how life unfolds it secrets with the passage of time. The story also has a religious touch, which perhaps is a

Reflection on Integration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection on Integration - Essay Example Participation in physical activities has helped me come to know Jesus more. Interactions with classmates as part of a team and running the mile are two beneficial activities that have given me a better insight of Jesus. They enabled me to grow n discipleship and contributed to my spiritual growth in the Christian community. Participation in PE provided a genuine integration of theory and practice, which provided a theological experience that assists in application of Christian teachings in a similar manner to Jesus. There are diverse topics covered in class that have been helpful to me because of their beneficial moral lessons. Integrations topics such as Stewardship, Identity in Christ, Image of God, and Disciplining of the Body have helped increase my religious devotion. Through the topics, I have a better insight of religion and I can help others attain a better understanding of the importance of faith and religious devotion that reflect God’s desires. In addition, I have learnt the relationship of psychology and religion, in the way that the human body and mind determine religious behavior and identity in

2.In the past the body was seen by managers simply as a tool of Essay

2.In the past the body was seen by managers simply as a tool of labour, whereas more contemporary approaches see workers bodies and emotions as largely aesthetic resources. Discuss - Essay Example omoting the organizational culture and principles that enhance the management and the production in the part of labor force (Anderson 1999, P.58). In the past management have been viewed as fully impacted for managers to implement the processes of management which to some extent have, added as the object of only inculcating the labor as a tool of production. This has shrunk the workforce in the organizations, as they do not have an open platform to express their views in an open and amicable way. The collective bargaining power and the ability to set a binding agreement by the management have been paralyzed. However, despite the above challenges the improvements, which are sound and amicable with the sense of improving the welfare of the workers, have been put into place. This serves to be the primary liaison with the various employees union to make the daily running of the organizations’ to be in the right context and sound order. The emotion running of an organizational setup brings a mixed perception of the organization as this brings the subjective of the biological and the psychological reactions of the individual’s mental health. Emotion being is a conscious experience that drives an individual’s way of reaction depending on the presented situation. The emotional setup of an individual drives the mood and temperament of a person and the emotion largely determines the personality of a person. The behavioral and the emotional aspect of a person help to determine the specific functional role carried by an individual in the management of the organization. The issue of the many companies lacking the human resource management department leads to the organization allocating a wider range of responsibilities to the managers. The aligned duties to the mangers to carry out the peoples management activities brings a mixed reactions since the workload depends on a single individual who can inject perso nal

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Should there be a death penalty - Essay Example He goes to work as Sam’s lawyer so he can be with him through his final appeals. Sam is a very bad man. He has killed several people. He is a terrible racist and was a member of the KKK. Despite all of this, the book does a wonderful job showing us his humanity. Even though he has killed, the irony of the story is the fact that he didn’t kill the girl they are executing him for. This book caused me to view inmates on death row as humans, not just criminals. The scary thing about the book is that even though I feel Sam was a horrible person, I question the rights of the state to take his life. If it really is about protecting society, then let him stay in jail forever. The book also helped me see how there might bee mistakes made along the way that would send an innocent person to the death chamber. It is true that Sam was guilty of many crimes, but not guilty of the crime for which he was executed. I found myself wondering how often this happened in America and other places where criminals are executed. I came away from the book feeling that no one should be executed because the likelihood of making a mistake was too

Iraq War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Iraq War - Essay Example Supporting the development of a strategy for troop safety, a special interagency branch was assigned to identify and locate any oilfield risks that the US-led coalition army might face upon entering the country crossing its northern and southern borders.   This special branch identified probable areas of the oilfields that were supposed to be booby-trapped by the Iraqi soldiers. Also it attempted to trace out other natural oilfield dangers such as toxic gases, fire-risk and pressurized equipment.   USCENTCOM's strategy for deploying troops in Iraq included these safety measures based on the intelligence reports provided by this special branch. Dividing the whole invasion strategy into a number of phases depending on their priority, USCENTCOM J2 and the â€Å"Defense Intelligence Agency† (DIA) jointly launched thirteen crisis secret service communicative partnerships in order to provide critical intelligence support to field operations in the Iraqi battlefields during the a llied invasion, the â€Å"Operation Iraqi Freedom†.   During the peak hours of the battle in Operation Iraqi Freedom, more than 900 secret agents and other subsidiaries in and outside Iraq were committed to assisting USCENTCOM. Before the commencement of the Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Missile and Space Intelligence Center (MSIC), an military technical adventure operated by the â€Å"Defense Intelligence Agency† (DIA) launched a â€Å"Ballistic Missile Portal† (BMP) that would collect â€Å"pictures, descriptions, order of battle, infrastructure, technical parameters, and signatures unique to ballistic missiles†2. The whole service Community, including both the expert agents and the fighters in the battlefield, provided data to the BMP, which enabled the operators at the Central Command to locate and hit the threatening targets effectively. In response to the Intelligence personnel’s requirements for quick and the best possible flawless assessme nts of the possible Iraqi counter actions and strike, DIA authority built a â€Å"RED CELL† in order to replicate the decision-making process of the Iraqi military high command. The cell prepared about twenty policy papers that reflected different aspects and functioning processes of the Iraqi high command3.  The series of Intelligence effort exerted a direct and effective impact on the US-led Coalition’s forces’ strategic invasion planning and policy making. In an all-inclusive effort to provide support to the Intelligence community prepared a list of 3000 Iraqi personalities including the 55 most wanted who were classified according to their level of posing threat to the US-led coalition. Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) formed a team of 12 analysts and on-battle foreign resource utilization specialists from DIA's MSIC, called the â€Å"Joint Captured Materiel Exploitation Cell (JCMEC)†. The JCMEC team played a crucial role in locating, collecting, assessing, utilizing, and evacuating the â€Å"captured enemy materiel and weapons of strategic or intelligence value throughout the Iraqi theater of operations†

American Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Perspective - Essay Example It was relevant to take health-protection policies and strategies at the governmental level and the health of the members of the American society was in danger. In the process of industrial development and progressive changes in the country rapid processes of urbanization and industrialization triggered the socialization and shift agricultural concerns of the government to industrial context. Moreover, post-war period imposed challenges on labor market in America. Thousands of lives of American soldiers were lost and there was a need to search for new employees. Environmental and health issues were of the main concern for the American government and similar to the modern policies, the government realized the necessity to contribute much to development of health safety policies in different fields and industries. Question 1 Describe the effects of the horse on urban pollution. What solution was developed to deal with this and how successful was it? In the article â€Å"Atlanta Exposi tion Address† (1895) by Booker Washington the issues of environmental pollution in the 19th and 20th centuries are discussed. The relation between environmental issues and industrial progress of the American society go hand in hand from the beginning of the industrial development of the country. ... It was more natural of them to work in the factory than going to the theatre or to the opera, for example. In the article â€Å"W.E.B. Du Bois Denounces Washington’s Accomodationist policies† (1903) we can read between the lines that when the country stood on the edge of industrial development, it had to make different challenging choices, such as convenience or animal health; industrial development or agrarian advancement. A horse was a golden mean of mediation between these challenging questions. The following article â€Å"Urban Pollution-Many Long Years Ago† by Joel L. Tarr is more detailed in its descriptions about a complicated process of assimilation of horse in the industrial activities of people. It was necessary to efforce a horse from the agrarian nature and force it in the industrial urban nature. The contemporaries draw parallels with environmental hazards imposed by the horse and automobile: we are suffering from exhaust gases and earlier a horse wa s accused of air contaminants harmful for health. I doubt that the scope of harm is equal between these two means of transport†¦ At the beginning of the twentieth century there was a clear intention to eradicate this harmful animal means of transportation vigorously and create a sounder and more health friendly means of transportation. The â€Å"horseless cvarriages† were the embodiment of dreamy ideas of the industrial developers at that time. There was an intention to choose the least of two evils, which was not a horse, but a potential automobile. The streets were full of mud because of the usage of horses as transportation means, and the American cities spent huge amounts of money for cleaning their streets from the horse mud. The epidemic expansion of cholera, smallpox, yellow fever

USB Banks Take $2 Million Hit, a Detrimental Impact Essay

USB Banks Take $2 Million Hit, a Detrimental Impact - Essay Example Since the Swiss and European banks operate in a different way, this new scenario poses new challenges for implementing controls. The economy in the past years has been weak to say the least. Banks have been defaulting in loans as creditors have failed to pay their loans. These trickled effects have been a domino effect internationally. When one bank is hit by a fraud, it has a dynamic impact throughout the banks in the international front. One of the major banks that recently was charged for dealing with unauthorized revenue was UBS. The bank already was mounted with numerous amounts of risks and troubles prior to this massive problem. The Wall Street Journal reports that UBS was charged $2 billion for conducting unauthorized trades. The news pretty much shocked the financial market as the UBS AG accumulated a hefty $2 billion in losses. The crisis slammed shares of UBS, which on Thursday fell nearly 11% in Swiss trading and 10% in New York Stock Exchange trading. The British Police arrested a man for committing fraud and playing with equities. The news that UBS lost $2 million took a big detrimental hit as the losses crippled the European economy. The Europeans have become increasingly uneasy about withdrawing equity from Euro Zone banks. The convicted felon was a man known as Kweku Adoboli, a London-based trader who worked in the exchange desk. The British police confirmed that they arrested an individual who was committing fraud but have not charged him yet. According to officials, Mr. Adoboli was certified to work in the securities business since March 2006. Mr. Adoboli’s past experience in trading enabled him to conduct this fraud in a very passive manner. The felon was under a different alias in the popular job site called LinkedIn. Authorities are still not aware whether he still works for that bank. The bank officials made the discovery late when the London police informed the administration. Around 3.30 at night, the police confirmed their arrest of the felon. However, some parts of the how Mr. Adoboli conducted this scheme seem vague to officials. The officials were also unable to determine the casualties since UBS operates in major countries including United Kingdom. In midst of all these things, UBS discovered the hefty losses that they incurred. The UBS bank is still working hard to assure that all the positions are closed. In addition, the bank took a deep hit as their reported revenue fell from $8.2 billion to a $2.7 billion loss. The new shock undoubtedly raised the p roblem of the internal management control that were lacking in the band. Additionally, the unawareness the managers possessed was shocking. The management internal controls lacked the adequate understanding of mitigating the risks as this felon was free to conduct trades at his own will. Clearly, the bank’s risk-management system had flaws since it had to write down $50 billion in securities exchange. Collins Stewart, a key analysis of financial markets depicts the demise of this situation as he states, â€Å""A loss of this magnitude will very likely have occurred in the [fixed-income, currencies and commodities] division, the very division UBS has been systematically rebuilding after shrinking it by 40% during the credit crisis.† Undoubtedly, this will trouble the foreign markets. In addition, it might hurt the currency exchange as the Euro rate will dip down. It will also cause collateral damage as other banks might default in their loans. This

Human Computer interaction Essay Example for Free

Human Computer interaction Essay As we know that 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London, this computer interface is specifically designed for all kind of people around the globe in order to check for games, dates, locations, competitions along with hotels, transport facility, accommodation and restaurants etc. To implement information system in an organization it requires a separate information systems department. Information systems department handles all information technology related issues, processing of the data, and networking in the organization. Information systems department is operated by specialists of computer technology also called information system specialists. These are project leaders, programmers, managers, system analysts, hardware engineers, software engineers, core technologists, and consultants. It also includes computer services companies that offer hardware and software services to the organization. An important element of information system is the computer technology and its core competencies; it involves all software and hardware application. Today, information system has become very important in any organization not only because of its usefulness and efficiency but because of its reliability, its ability to manipulate work accurately, ability to expand businesses and services and the competitiveness and edge over others. Information system is very important to bring change in an organization. The change in the organization is brought to enhance performance and quality of products. It is a very powerful tool to in implementing information technology and development of an organization. The information systems department implementation and size vary in an organizations depending upon the organization itself. The IT services companies are totally based on the information system. Model users Identify the different user groups. †¢ Social computing communities. They are part of the users in a new field of human computer interaction. They focus on the design, evaluation and maintenance of the system, and they interact socially via digital technology. †¢ Online community. They are people who use the online as the media to chat or socialize with other people including those in other countries. †¢ Business/professional. They are people who are visiting the Olympic event but want to keep in touch with their work at the office and their professional agendas. Fro example, while attending the Olympic event, they can still communicate with their office, checking on messages, talk to their clients or staff through the intranet, etc. †¢ Students. They can have access to their school, continue on studying while attending the event. And last but not least, †¢ The people who come to the Olympic as visitors, the athletes, and all other people who are participating in the organizing the event. UNA and Design Perform a User Needs Analysis (UNA) for the expected user population(s). Human Computer Interaction application involves a thrusts of human perception and its relationship to graphical user interfaces and that the impact of mental models on a system can ease the use of the system. †¢ User Characteristics User characteristics may include age, gender, life style, preferences, education and its background, level of knowledge, and other social factors that may spark the interest of the individuals to use the system. †¢ Work/Task Characteristics (Produce a HTA) Task characteristics required to human computer interaction can be defined by using action regulation theory such as the one described by Ulich et al (1991 in Fjed and Rauterberg, p3): (A) Task dependent setting of (sub-)goals which are embedded in the superimposed task goal; (B) Independent action preparation in the sense of taking on planning functions; and, selection of the means including the necessary actions for goal attainment; (C) Mental or physical performance functions with feedback on performance pertaining to possible corrections of actions; (D) Control with feedback on results and the possibility of checking the results of ones own actions against the set (sub-)goals In addition, several methods can also be developed and be used to analyze this task characteristics such as questionnaires and interviews; (Scott, Osgood Peterson 1979); scoring rationale of observable behaviour (McDaniel Lawrence 1990); protocol analysis based on actions and utterances (Ericsson Simon 1984); and formal models (Kieras Polson 1985) and executable models (Ritter Larkin 1994). The modeling for these methods consist of four different modeling levels such as modeling traditions, modeling paradigms, model classes, and specific models (Fjeld and Rauterberg, 1998).

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Construction Management Construction Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Construction Management Construction Essay Construction Management is a specialized management practice consisting of an arrangement of services applied to construction projects and programs through the planning, design, construction and post construction phases for the purpose of achieving project objectives including the management of quality, cost and time. It is also a faster pathway procurement method which enables work to begin on the early stages of construction while the design and documentation of later trade packages are being finalized. For instance, a client engages a construction manager to organize, let and supervise the trade packages. Construction management is useful in unstable economic and industrial climates by helping to reduce the time and cost of project delivery. Clients can change the specifications of later trade packages according to changing project requirements. Construction management is a discipline and management system specifically created to promote the successful execution of capital projects for owners. These projects can be complicated. The construction manager seeks to achieve a smooth inter face between trade contractors. This is an important factor as the successful completion of one trade package is to a large degree of reliant upon the satisfactory implementation of earlier or related packages. The construction manager must plan the works to ensure continuity and avoid possible delay claims against the principal. Construction management is perhaps best summed up as the procurement route whereby designers design, trade contractors detail and deliver their packages, and where the construction manager manages the process, leaving the client to lead and accept the risk on a project for which they are ultimately responsible. The situation, responsibilities and risks may vary significantly between construction managers. The Advantages of Construction Management The implementation of these management activities turns the planning, design and construction process into one which generates value and  maximizes control.   These activities add predictability to the outcome of the project from the planning phase to the completion of construction. A more professional Service is provided. Construction Management (CM) is recognized as a professional service. Therefore, even in public projects, the owner has the right to select a CM firm based on the company reputation and personal qualification. Responsibility is also stand an important issue in construction management. A construction manager is often selected early in the budget development process before the design team is selected to aid the owner in establish a budget and schedule that will be used to protect all financing, and then secure suitable and competitive design proposals. In addition, it also improves the concern between the contractor and the owner. Generally, a general contractor typically is less motivated to work with the owner to improve quality and costs, and is more focused on maximizing their profit. A greater teamwork is formed in this project. Normally, the owner selects the team such as project manager to represent the owner under the construction management based upon their track record. The relationship of a construction manager with a client is usually as an addition of the clientà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s staff hired for the purpose of promoting project teamwork besides cost, schedule and quality control on the project. Greater staff flexibility is also one of the advantages of construction management. For instance, a construction manger can give an owner greater flexibility in dealing with income and relocation of workers within the ownerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s staff. The implementation of construction management improved the cost control and provides greater reliability and creativity. A construction manager typically provides cost estimating during the initial owner budgeting process, and further cost estimating and value engineering during the design phase of a project, costly and time consuming. Value engineering and cost reduction ideas are identified when they can still be implemented into the design. It also improved the communication within the team. For example,that construction managers often work for owners on subsequent projects, lessons learned as a team on one project are applied to future work. Disadvantages of Construction Management While Construction Management may be beneficial in some circumstances, owners should recognize that it may also have some disadvantages. The most significant disadvantage of many Construction Management contracting arrangements is that significant portions of the total services for which the Construction Manager is remunerated are not subject to competitive bidding. Consequently, it is much less likely that the Owner will be charged the lowest possible market rates for these services. A second commonly seen disadvantage is the open-ended nature of many Construction Management contractual arrangements, which unnecessarily expose the Owner to the risk of unanticipated cost increases. Depending on how the Construction Manager is to be remunerated, there may be a built-in disincentive for the Construction Manager to minimize costs (e.g. if there is a cost plus a percentage component in the Construction Management services contract). There can also be a built-in disincentive to complete t he work as quickly as possible (e.g. if the Construction Manager is paid additional money for additional time spent on the project). Contractual arrangements that may have this effect should be avoided. Alternatively, under CM as Constructor, and especially when no fast-tracking is intended, these concerns can be mitigated by establishing a guaranteed maximum price, or by converting the Construction Management services contract to a stipulated price construction contract prior to the commencement of construction. Unless and until this happens, Owners should be aware that the Construction Manager is not contractually committed to the construction cost estimate and that there exists the potential for significant unanticipated cost increases. (This may be somewhat offset however by the Construction Managers desire to maintain a reputation for meeting budgets.) While the security provided by a guaranteed maximum price, or a stipulated price, is often attractive to Owners, it should be borne in mind that this security comes at a price, since the guaranteed maximum price or stipulated price will invariably include a cushion to cover risks which may or may not materialize.

An argument for Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethical businesses

An argument for Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethical businesses It all started in the eighteen century, with a Scottish philosopher of political economics, Adam Smith, who expressed that the free interaction of organisations and the public would meet the needs and desires of society. This responsibility was then termed Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and started an evolution from the 1950s and further expanded during the 1970s. The evolution and expansion of CSR is a direct result of ever growing economies. Corporate Social Responsibility is a model for incorporating ethical business regulations into the business model. This model provides corporations a framework to embrace a responsibility towards the community, employees, environment and other service users. The three areas of main accounting are as follows; Financial success or profit Contributions to livable environment Contribution to solving social problems. A corporation incorporated each area into their business model and culture, generating growth for all three areas using their framework. An initial financial profit setback will be met when applying the framework, an exception being if the businesses have a direct business involvement with social issues. Regardless of whether business or government, leaders in all sectors have an opportunity to improve current issues and solve business problems. Community needs can be opportunities to utilise business technology and provide collaborative efforts to serve community needs. The Internet revolution has provided the public the chance to empower themselves and with this in mind customers, empowered by the internet, are researching corporate citizenship. The times of word-of-mouth and traditional media sources, such as television, is being surpassed by the number of growing search engines, and the number of customers using the Internet to research companies through independent sources is growing. Corporations should look for new ways to inform consumers about their social responsible actions and should realise that a great number of consumers will be sceptical and will check up on any claims. A company with good CSR policies, which demands that commercial success, be gained through positive practices that aim to promote general welfare, such as more jobs, better salaries, environmentally responsible activity and local interaction, tend to do a lot better then companies who do not. Success, after all, is not only measured in monetary terms but also the corporations impact on the community, on its customers and on the environment. Why bother? There are a number of valid reasons for this question, including that CSR is a good business Ethics. Business ethics regards what is morally right and wrong with a companys activities and behaviours. The likelihood of company to transact without creating some sort of environmental or social impact is very small, might this be of positive or negative impact. A key point of CSR is that it recognises the responsibility that companies have to take into account of those impacts. CSR is a framework for thinking about business ethics, making ethical decisions and working within the law, it says a company responsibilities reach further than just making a profit. Another reason is that CSR means engaging with Stakeholders (people whose lives and livelihoods are impacted by the companys activities). CSR in this case means that a company will make a decision with society (the Stakeholders are a broad and varied group) expectations in mind. Furthermore, the corporation will recognise not only th e opinions but also the values that are important to the Stakeholders and will actively engage with its Stakeholders to understand their aspirations, goals and concerns. There are many different ways a corporation can support a social initiative and still make profits. A good example is the Marriott Corporation (ref), who was motivated by a desire to help the community while still helping the bottom line, by training and hiring 6000 persons on welfare. Marriott was still able to cut costs and increase productivity. It can be in a companys best interest to provide a needed service within a low income area. By incorporating a service that improves the resources and infrastructure of a community, it can offer an economic return for the organisation through recognition or direct community investments. In this sense, a business has an obligation to both profit and serve the community, for all stakeholders involved. This shows that when a company practice in good CSR, it gains better reputation and brand image meaning an extension of better sales, more investors and customer loyalty plate form. This is supported by the survey done by Hill Knowlton/Harris (2001) showed that 91 % of all customer survey said that they would switch to other companies, if the corporation had a negative image. How does CSR work? Corporation Social Responsibility must first be sold as a developing a value proposition to its own board, as it plays an important role in helping to shape and develop the value proposition. A value proposition being the corporeal results a customer gets from using the companys products or services. Aligned with social dimension, this helps provide guidance and direction to utilise the energy and enthusiasm for CSR. By identifying where companies can be socially responsible while continue to pursuit long term competitiveness of its business, companies can utilise the wider community with its own set of expertise. This framework should whilst reinforcing its core business strategies also attempt to transform value chain activities. This is important as local customers are an important source of sales and improving a companys reputation, the company itself will find it easier to recruit workforce and lead a better local authority relation. The best way to assess whether CSR is working and related to the corporation is to set CSR measurability and performance metric (differ for every company). An example of CSR metric are Key Performance indicators (KPIs) using a balance score card to measure factors such as environmental performance and benchmarking against other companies in the same industry spectrum. Advantages and Disadvantages Corporations, although are enterprises with purpose of commercial pursuits, are powerful and influential institutions. However, one must not forget that their processes have a very public impact and affect many lives through their actions and behaviours. For this reason, it is very important that they act and behave responsibly and CRS policies should be there to guide corporation to Ethical path. More importantly for corporation, this responsibility can make a worthwhile contribution to society as irresponsible business can be harmful in equal measure. Companies without regard for their responsibilities and act/behave in an unethical ways that is damming to the worlds natural resources, will earn bad reputation which could not only loss profit or even destroy the company in their home ground but also the impact could be greater for international companies as their restriction could expand to many countries across the world. As more and more Stakeholders are demanding accountability CSR now involves more complex decision making. This makes the companies grow from the single dimensional thinking of maximising financial profit and concern more about the economic, social and environmental aspects of corporation impacts. For this to continue to be possible a firmed knowledge of CSR is critical, as learning about CSR means learning to manage CSR initiatives and engage with Stakeholders enabling managers to kept CSR alive within the company. Another reason for learning about CSR is so that ethical misconduct within the workplace can be recognised by employees, managers and Stakeholders, as this is far too common. This recognition could open a gateway to taking action to address the misconduct. Everyone can benefit from Corporate Social Responsibility giving compelling reasons for customer, supplies and community to learn about CSR so as to protect and promote their interest in relation to corporate activities. Although, many organisations such as United Nations (UN) are all attempting to regulate Corporate Social Responsibility through their framework, it is still voluntary corporation action and goes beyond regulations and laws. This unfortunately means that CSR lack of formal regulation and is not standardised and therefore often not possible to compare CSR performance in detail. Appallingly CSR is misused as a market ploy and reveals facts such as some company, whose very existence is considered to be socially irresponsible, such as British American Tobacco Corporation, are being recognised for performing some socially responsible acts. This is due to companies being given the right to shape and define CSR increasing the risk of abuse of power. Conclusion Although, Corporation Social Responsibility can come across as an idealistic idea, especially as it is voluntary process and lack regulation and therefore subjected to abuse of power by decision making companies in the social domain, it actually produces favourable results if applied positively. Corporations and governments are powerful and influential institutes and can therefore make a significant difference to society. This difference whether these institutes impacts positively or negatively, will depend on the contribution to better thinking about what is Ethically right or wrong. This knowledge can produce decisions and behaviours that are recognised by stakeholders as unethical and help managers assess the changes needed to manage CSR. A good CSR framework aligns community efforts and charitable efforts with core business strategy, expertise and market needs. This in turn helps build up a companys social capital and is likely to bring returns including financial returns.

Creative Writing: The Last Days of Earth Essay -- Creative Writing Essa

Destruction It was a dark, cold, cloudy day. The clouds covered the sky like a big black sheet, nothing to be seen except darkness that seemed to go on forever. This was the third day in a row that there had been complete darkness, there was no getting rid of it. This was because of ‘the meteorite.’ It was Daisy Chamberling that broke the news at her usual time, 5 o’clock. It was a horrific moment as shock was spread all over the world by this news. Usually Daisy goes on about unimportant cases but this time she was serious. That was the big moment the world changed. Although Daisy was a news caster and you would expect her to be a social woman, she wasn’t. In fact she was the complete opposite. Daisy was a bright, intelligent 40 year old woman even though she never acted it. She was a well-brought up child until her father died and she inherited all his money. That’s when she became two-faced. She spent her money like it was going out of fashion, she would criticise other people just because they weren’t up to her standards and she was too posh. She sat in her chair, in the studio, like she was royalty, ordered people like slaves and got everything she wanted, at top notch. Daisy wanted to be the best but no-one could beat the weather girl, she was the best. Everybody loved her. Chelsea was a smart, classy but beautiful girl that was down to earth about things in life. Chelsea had come so far in life without any family and was only 25 years old. She was laid back about things but aware of people’s needs and worldwide issues. She was brave and confident to show people she wasn’t a little girl but a fighting woman waiting for the right time to show that. It had been three days since the terrifying news and no... ...s atmosphere! It was on it’s way and it was coming very soon. Daisy was hustling about the streets just like everyone else trying to help or running away from fire. Everyone was saying there last goodbyes to each other and that’s when the most vital things in life hit Daisy. She wanted to be loved, she wanted to help, she didn’t want to die alone and she had lost her only friend. Daisy sat quietly on a rock, sobbing to herself and full of guilt, she wanted Chelsea. It came as fast as lightning but slow like it was stuck or snagging on something. The meteorite was sure here. It was loud as it came storming through the darkness, it blocked out the crying and screaming of people falling to their deaths. The meteorite hit the world and it was like the ‘big bang.’ it was goodbye to Daisy, goodbye to Chelsea and goodbye to the world. It was Destruction.

Body Image Essay -- essays research papers

Everyone who brings home a bad report card knows that with a little effort they can better their grades. Yet there are some things in life that you cant change and the way you look is one of them. In today’s society teenage girls face an ongoing battle to attain the perfect body image. The following paper discusses the definition of perfect, why we strive to attain this impossible ideal, why we don’t fight to change the image, and the consequences that can result from this battle to please. A dictionary definition of perfect is: 1. complete, having all its essential qualities 2. faultless, excellent 3. exact, precise 4. entire, total(1). Now does this seem like a reasonable goal to strive for? Absolutely not, it is impossible, yet so many teenage girls feel that perfection is within their reach. Society plays a massive role in influencing our lives and our judgment. The emphasis placed on looking good in our society clouds our vision of what is truly important. Western culture portrays certain morals and ideals that girls feel they must live up to. Society’s ideals themselves are largely influenced by those of the media, which in return puts added stress on the image problems that teenage girls face. Every time they look around themselves. "[They] loose [their] sense of self, individuality and fall victim to narrow definitions of beauty defined by the media. The media acts as a propaganda machine determined to shake our confidence, remind us we aren’t good enough, we haven’t made it, that we just simply don’t measure up."(2) All we see in the media these days are tall, thin, beautiful girls with great skin and even better figures. The media sends out the message that the ideal body should resemble that of a Barbie doll. Girls are supposed to try and look like this, so they will "fit in." Girls feel that with an "ideal" body comes power in society, and they are shown this starting at a very young age; She will be a woman like all the women in the thousand of ads and movies and television programs she has seen since she was very little.(3) The media is sending out negative messages to millions of vulnerable teenage girls striving to be accepted in today’s society and this is causing extreme problems. The media image is only going to become more and more destructive because, while the media ideal female is getting smaller, the ... ...ns when this battle for the impossible goes too far. These girls need to start fighting for change. Women need to be committed to changing the present body image ideal to a new one that is tolerant of varied size and weight. They must form a new social group whose rules and codes for a body image ideal allow all women to be beautiful in her own way. (22) These women need to learn to accept who they are inside and out. If they can’t do this on their own, then they need to seek professional help in order to get to the root of the problem. The most important thing is that they realize that they need help, and seek it as soon as possible. They should see someone who can help them make a healthy eating and work out plan to follow. And if they don’t feel comfortable talking to a professional, than they can talk to someone they trust. Another option that can help one get their life back on track is becoming involved in sports. Sports can help you make new friends and get into better physical shape, which will in turn brighten your mood and increase your self esteem. With increased self- esteem comes increased confidence, and that is key to accepting yourself mirror reflection included.

Arvay’s Epiphany in Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee Essay -- Hurston’s

Arvay’s Epiphany in Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee In the middle of Chapter four, we find Jim and Arvay in the middle of a journey to the courthouse; the reader, halfway through the journey from the top of the page encounters an interior journey as Arvay travels within herself. This four-line passage serves as a milestone marking the beginning of the narrative, which is a journey across the landscape of the life of Jim and Arvay’s relationship. The passage begins with â€Å"The elements opened above Avery and she arose inside of herself†(57). The first clause of this sentence has a poetic eye focusing on an atmosphere, or an aura rising and expanding around Arvay’s form, perhaps circular, like the break in clouds whereby a ray of sunshine appears, suggesting even further, the halo, or the circle of seraphim as described in the words of the prophets. The coordinating conjunction â€Å"and† begins the second clause, implying the synchronous relation between the outer sky change, and the inner event of rising â€Å"inside of herself.† In this sense her experiences, her conversation with Jim, her anxieties about her â€Å"secret sin,† her religious drive converge and for a brief space are unifying, interlocking, affirming and redeeming. The mystical language employed reveals a kind of â€Å"interpenetration.† That this epiphany comes at the moment when she is discussing her own rape with the man that raped her shows the way in which she thinks about her experiences. Also, this passage shows how Jim speaks to her in ways that produce thoughts and feelings that she cannot seem to find words for annunciation. Her mystical language contrasts sharply with Jim’s straightforward sentences, recalling the title of the novel, Seraph on the Sewanee. After reading... ... complex allowing no passage to Jim or anyone else. The epiphany resulting from her sacrifice â€Å"under the mulberry tree† exemplifies how Jim talks to her, but she cannot respond in ways that he can understand, leaving her helpless to the world around her while Jim is continuously carrying her off over further horizons. Throughout the book she continues this movement upward and outwards into the world, though with the limits of her tongue. In the end, as she becomes reconciled with the world she discovers the â€Å"Resurrection† where â€Å"Human flesh was full of mysteries and a wonderful unknown thing†(350). If the epiphany at the conclusion of the novel marks point Omega, then the Alpha point comes in this passage in the middle of Chapter four at the moment she tries to place her relationship with Jim, and the suffering from the rape within her understanding of the Cosmos. Arvay’s Epiphany in Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee Essay -- Hurston’s Arvay’s Epiphany in Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee In the middle of Chapter four, we find Jim and Arvay in the middle of a journey to the courthouse; the reader, halfway through the journey from the top of the page encounters an interior journey as Arvay travels within herself. This four-line passage serves as a milestone marking the beginning of the narrative, which is a journey across the landscape of the life of Jim and Arvay’s relationship. The passage begins with â€Å"The elements opened above Avery and she arose inside of herself†(57). The first clause of this sentence has a poetic eye focusing on an atmosphere, or an aura rising and expanding around Arvay’s form, perhaps circular, like the break in clouds whereby a ray of sunshine appears, suggesting even further, the halo, or the circle of seraphim as described in the words of the prophets. The coordinating conjunction â€Å"and† begins the second clause, implying the synchronous relation between the outer sky change, and the inner event of rising â€Å"inside of herself.† In this sense her experiences, her conversation with Jim, her anxieties about her â€Å"secret sin,† her religious drive converge and for a brief space are unifying, interlocking, affirming and redeeming. The mystical language employed reveals a kind of â€Å"interpenetration.† That this epiphany comes at the moment when she is discussing her own rape with the man that raped her shows the way in which she thinks about her experiences. Also, this passage shows how Jim speaks to her in ways that produce thoughts and feelings that she cannot seem to find words for annunciation. Her mystical language contrasts sharply with Jim’s straightforward sentences, recalling the title of the novel, Seraph on the Sewanee. After reading... ... complex allowing no passage to Jim or anyone else. The epiphany resulting from her sacrifice â€Å"under the mulberry tree† exemplifies how Jim talks to her, but she cannot respond in ways that he can understand, leaving her helpless to the world around her while Jim is continuously carrying her off over further horizons. Throughout the book she continues this movement upward and outwards into the world, though with the limits of her tongue. In the end, as she becomes reconciled with the world she discovers the â€Å"Resurrection† where â€Å"Human flesh was full of mysteries and a wonderful unknown thing†(350). If the epiphany at the conclusion of the novel marks point Omega, then the Alpha point comes in this passage in the middle of Chapter four at the moment she tries to place her relationship with Jim, and the suffering from the rape within her understanding of the Cosmos.

Health and Safety Team Inspection Essay

Executive Summary The need to maintain a safe and healthy environment especially in the workplace has become a major goal in global corporations. In Canada, Health and Safety laws have been put in place to ensure employers take reasonable precaution to provide a safe working environment for their employees. Employees on the other hand, have an obligation to comply with the laid down health and safety policies and apply them accordingly. Health and safety inspection are the best way to identify potential workplace hazards before they cause a health and safety or a problem. The main purpose of this project is applying our knowledge of occupational health and safety in the workplace situation by identify and assessing workplace hazards and recommending control measures to eliminate or reduce the risk of identified hazard. It is important from every employee and employer point of view to recognize each and every hazard. It also enables us to know the health and safety measures that can be analyzed during inspection. As a team we can easily recognize what are the responsibilities of an employer, supervisor and employee. Through this project we as a team will get a golden opportunity to understand the risk involved in every hazard. The inspection was carried out at Centennial College Residence located at 940 Progress Avenue, Canada. For the inspection, we focused on the kitchen/storage and the atrium area on which our findings are based on. To help with our findings we also interviewed an employee who works in a storage room as a cleaner. We asked him about the PPE’s used while working he showed us the PPE’s which they use while working in a storage room. He also accompanied us to the inspection of storage room. Overall the college residence has taken reasonable steps to maintaining a safety and healthy environment taking into account the number injuries associated with the accommodation industry However, this report shows nine (9) of our findings, most of which were safety related hazard and mostly work practice hazard. They required little$0-$600 or no cost to implement recommendation s per hazard. H&S Pre-Inspection: Key Insights: The 1st piece of information gathered was that of Marta Borowskas’ (the Residence & Conference Centre General Manager) WSIB Certification. This certificate officially states that she has successfully completed both Part 1 and 2, which is the Basic Certification and also Workplace-Specific Hazard training. This then means that she is the delegated JHSC representative for the Residence and gives her authority for the successful running of Health & Safety programmes. We received the Colleges’ Occupational Health & Safety policy and protocol for reporting Health & Safety hazards during our information gathering processes. This was issued on the 14th April 2010; an updated 2011 version is in the process of being issued, by Centennial College President & CEO Ann Buller. This highlights the Colleges firm stance on Health & Safety importance as it is being endorsed by the President herself. This document outlines the purpose, scope, rules & regulations and policy specific content and clearly defines the parameters with which they are analysed. We also looked at the Health & Safety notice-board, which was centrally located and readily visible. We noted that they had included the names, roles and responsibilities and contact details (e-mail, addresses and tel. Number). Most importantly of all it clearly made particular reference to each of their respective individual skill and training certification levels also. We also gained access to the Residences’ MSDS forms, Propane for example. There is a vast amount of relevant information divulged on each MSDS form-sheet, these include the chemical formation, classification and DOT Hazard Class, its boiling and freezing points, and under what chemical categorisation it is filed under. It also gives First Aid directions to undertake. Other documentation we received outlined the college’s stance on work refusal situations among college (and residence) employees. The whole process and stages along the process of coming to a successful resolution is outlined clearly in the adjoining Appendices’ diagrams. Also attached is the company’s policy on what to do in times of violence in the workplace. Logistics: The inspection of The Centennial Residence was carried out on Sunday the 3rd April. All group members were in attendance in order to be truly thorough with our inspection. In order for this inspection to happen, we had to first gain approval from the General Manager of the Residence,  Marta Borowska. This was done in an informal manner and she was of great help to our cause aiding us with as much information as was at hand to her. Inspection Procedure Details: We identified that we would need to bring some helpful equipment with us. At a basic level of course pens, pencils, paper would be essential. We also brought a camera, latex gloves and measuring tape. A thorough inspection of the residence should take roughly an hour or more to complete. Floor Plan: An appropriate floor plan was drawn, complete with accompanying legend, and the most efficient route, which would fully inspect all areas, was devised. As evidenced within the floor plan, our inspection area encompassed the atrium and adjoining storage room, and corridor entering the atrium of the residence. Particular potential hazards such as uncovered switch board, inappropriate placing of table and crack in the ceiling, was found. For the Floor Plan see Appendix (1) Inspection and Findings: Checklist for the inspection: Yes No N/A Comments 1. Are floor plans posted? The floor plans were posted on every entry and exit. 2. Is there a clear fire evacuation procedure posted? The fire evacuation were posted beside every fire extinguishers 3. Inspect all the fire extinguishers and record on inspection tag. Yes every extinguisher had the record and inspection tag. Every 11th March. 4. Are the fire drills conducted monthly? Date of last drill. Drills are conducted monthly. The date of last drill was 17th March. 5. Are doors unobstructed and protected against obstruction? No obstacles were found in front or back of any doors. 6. Are all exit lights on? Yes the exit lights were lit on. 7. Is there evidence of exposed wires or frayed cords? Yes on of the switch board was not covered and the wires were coming out of it. 8. Are the electronic outlets, switches and lights adequately covered and working? One of the switch board was not covered. And all the sockets were not covered. 9. Have all the hazardous substances been labelled clearly? Yes all were labelled clearly. 10. Are the hazardous materials (WHMIS) MSDS sheets filed in binders on the premises? Yes they are field in binders on the premises. 11. Are the flammable materials stored in proper location? Yes they were stored properly. 12. Are smoke detectors working properly? Yes they are working properly. 13. Are carbon monoxide detectors working properly? Yes they are working properly. 14. Are elevators working properly? Yes elevators were working properly. 15. Observe any personal using improper lifting techniques? Did not notice any employees lifting something in an improper way. 16. Are storage cleaned regularly? Yes storage are cleaned regularly. 17. Are employees wearing the required protective equipment/ Yes according to the conversation with an employee they wear the required equipment while cooking. 18. Is the location of the 1st aid kit clearly marked, known and accessible to the work area and adequately supplied? Yes they were clearly accessible. 19. Is the eye wash station maintained and accessible? Yes it was accessible. 20. Is the emergency bag in designated location and sealed? Yes it was located properly and was also sealed. 21. Filters in exhaust system cleaned at least daily? Cleaned daily. 22. Was perishable or potentially hazardous food properly stored at the correct temperature? Yes the food in the kitchen was stored in proper temperature. 23. Was there enough space to walk through the storage room? In the storage room the small moving shelves with wires in it were obstacle for us to move around in the room. 24. Was there proper ventilation in the kitchen? No there was no proper ventilation in the kitchen. 25. Was there the list of health and safety committee? Yes there was the list of health and safety committee present. 26. Was there H & S policy statement? Yes they had health and safety policy statement. Major Findings We started our inspection from the atrium area of the residence. It is a very clean open space area with the billiards table and a table soccer table to play in Middle West part of the atrium. And to left of south of the areas there were some chairs with a table to sit and do the work. We as a health and safety team entered the area with a strong inspiration to find hazards. Hazard 1 Broken Hot Tub Fence: We entered from the front door and move left to the sitting area as it was very clean and clear to be honest we were inspecting with our eyes open to find a hazard suddenly we looked the spa. It was nicely covered with a brown coloured fence and a board written on it to identify the area. One of the members from our team inspects the fence very closely and he found out that the fence is broken. Fence was tilted out from the original position. It was at the lower part of the fence. It can be really dangerous as someone walking close to the fence suddenly can catch the fence and can cause some serious injuries by falling down on to the ground. We took the picture of this hazard as from the picture it is clearly seen that the fence is broken at the ground level. This hazard can’t be ignored easily it looks very simple but it’s very dangerous in aspect to the result. (for picture, appendix 3) Hazard 2 Loose Light frame As we walked down the stairs in the atrium area we noticed very loose light frame that was attached to a wall. I was so loosed that its sides were starting to come out. On examining this hazard we found out that the fame was missing few screws and this was the reason it was coming off the wall. As shown in the picture the light frame is very loose, people walking on the stairs can accidently come in contact with the loose light frame. This can lead to dangerous electric shock or a fall from the stair case. This type of hazards cannot be identified at the first look. It requires deep inspecting (for picture see appendix 4). Hazard 3 Open Electric Circuits. We then moved to south of the atrium. As we were moving towards the elevator we saw an electric socket completely open on the wall. It was placed exactly beside an elevator’s wall. Wires from the socket were completely exposed. As its position was below the wall so it’s very hard to see it. But a person walking or waiting for the elevator can easily make contact with it. These circuits carry electrical currents which are harmful and can result to electric shock, leading to serious injuries or death. (For picture see appendix 5) After completing the inspection of the common hall we went to a room which was combined as a kitchen and a storage room located south of the atrium area. The kitchen was on the left side and the storage room was on the right side of the door. In order to make it simple lets name the storage section as A and the kitchen section as B. The thing separating these two rooms was a thick wall without any doors. In other words if we stand at the entrance of the room we can see the first aid tool kit, eye washer and fire extinguisher in front of us. After entering the room if we go right we will find the storage room where tables, trays boxes, etc. was stored. If we look at the storage section we can see two rooms. We have named these rooms as a1 and a2. The 1st room i.e. a1 was filled with extra tables, trays, and the other decoration things. The other room i.e. a2 contained various shelves and these shelves were filled with boxes, table cloths, wires, etc. On the other side i.e. on the left side there was a kitchen (section B) there were 2 gas stoves, 3 refrigerators and a long passage where cooking vessels were stored. Hazard 4: Heavy Tray on boxes As we entered a1 part of storage section we saw a heavy tray made of steel, which was not placed properly by the employees. It was exactly situated in the center of the room a1. It was placed on the empty boxes and these boxes were light in weight. The tray was very heavy and if it fell on employees it can hurt badly. The tray was kept without any proper support. In other words it can be said that the tray was half placed on the boxes. The workers were not following the work practices properly and this can lead to an accident  in the storage room.(for picture see appendix 6). Hazard 5: Oil on the floor The floor at the entrance of the room there was a large amount of oil on the floor; the south direction (entrance) of the room a1. This is a safety hazard because any employee can hurt himself/herself by slipping on the floor due to the oil on the floor. This can also be categorized under work practice hazard as it is the duty of the employees to keep the workplace clean in order to avoid accidents. (For picture see appendix 7). Hazard 6: Tables not properly place In the room a1 we saw were some huge tables which were not placed properly. The tables were placed to lean on the wall and positioned in a way that could hurt anyone and can cause a serious injury.These tables were seen on the left side as we enter in room a1. (For picture see appendix 8) Hazard 7: Small moving shelves After inspecting the room 1 we moved towards room a2 in room a2 there were two big shelves (not movable) on the left side of the room and some boxes were on the right side of the room. The way in the middle was blocked by the small moving shelves and due to this there was no enough space to walk in the room. These shelves were full of wires and other heavy materials such as laptop and speakers which created more difficulty walking through the room. An employee can fall and can cause an injury because of these obstacles. Hence this can be considered as a confined space hazard. (For picture see appendix 9) Hazard 7: Heavy Boxes on shelves On the left side of the room a2 there were two big immovable shelves which contained of boxes table clothes, empty plates, glasses, etc. There were few boxes that were big in size and contained heavy material in it. These boxes were kept on the top of the shelves and some part of these boxes was coming out of the shelves. In other words we can say that the boxes were not fitting in the shelves. This can be considered as a material hazard because these boxes can fall on someone. It can also be considered as a work  practice hazard because it is carelessness of the employees to keep the boxes on the top of the shelves even if they are not fitting there. This hazard can be dangerous to anyone and can cause some serious injuries. There are two pictures showing these hazards. (For pictures see appendix 10). Hazard 8: Crack in Ceiling Looking up, a crack in the ceiling was seen in room a2. This crack was in the ceiling which was situated right behind the door of entrance of room a2. This can be considered to be a very dangerous hazard because this crack can lead to breakdown of ceiling resulting in injury or death of the person standing below the ceiling. This hazard comes under the category of ergonomics or workplace design hazard. (For picture see appendix 11). Hazard Inspection Analysis and Assessment Here we determined the level of risk of the hazards we identified from our inspection and make recommendations based on it. Risk is the probability of an injury expressed as a percentage. The calculation of risk for any hazard will be Risk= Probability X Consequence X Exposure. Where probability refers to the chance that something will happen, consequence refers to the result of injury that could arise from the hazard. Exposure is the number of times a contact is made with the event (IAPA, 2006). For our Inspection we followed these scales Probability Scale: Scale from 1 to 10 0-1: Unlikely Occur 2-5: Possibly will occur in time 6-7: Probably will occur in time 8-10: Likely will occur immediately or short after exposure to the hazard Consequences Scale (severity): Scale from 1to 10 0-1: Negligible; may not affect personnel safety, or health, but still in violation of specific criteria 2-5: Marginal; may cause minor injury or minor occupational illness which may result in lost workday(s), or minor property damage 6-7: Critical; may cause severe injury, occupational illness, or major property damage 8-10: Catastrophic; may cause death or loss of a facility Exposure Scale: Scale of 1-10 This refers to the number of people who are regularly exposed to the identified hazard and frequency of the exposure. 1) Kitchen and Storage Room Large Amount of Oil on the Floor Should be cleaned from the floor by using an absorbent to get the bulk of oil off the ground and then applying soap or degreaser to remove remaining film Engineering Control Pre control $5 for soap or degreaser Employees bear more responsibility to address this hazard as soon as possible The supervisor should make sure this is done as soon as possible 2) Kitchen and Storage Room Deep cracks in the Celling Repair the cracks on the celling. Have a builder come in to inspect it to First you have to determine what is needed whether plaster or sheet rock Engineering Control Pre- contact Employing the services of a builder might cost $19.25 to $52.50 The supervisor has to inform the employer about this and employer has to take reasonable steps to eliminate this hazard As soon as possible The supervisor should make sure this is done as soon as possible 3) Atrium Open-cased Socket Cover it with new exterior Hire electrician Turn off electricity. Replace socket with new covered one, turn power back on Engineering Control Pre contact Contact Control $50 – $90 (after electrician labour + call out fee) The employer should be informed and should address it accordingly As soon as possible The employer and supervisor 4) Kitchen and Storage Room Heavy Boxes on shelves not placed properly The weight of each box should be checked to determine if the shelf is strong enough to support it, boxes should be pushed in, far away from the edge of the shelf. Engineering Control Pre-Contact No cost 5) Atrium Light fixture Purchase new fixture Remove faulty fixture Replace old broken light with new Engineering control Pre -Contact $10 – $50 Employer 21st April The supervisor has to ensure that this recommendation is implemented 6) Kitchen and Storage Room Small moving shelves (Confined Space Hazard) Small shelves which are movable have to be cleared immediately to clean the path. It should be placed on the sides to prevent. Also the materials on it should be removed and placed in secured place Engineering Control Pre- control No cost It is again the part of the employee who works in the maintenance department and it doesn’t cost an extra penny as this lies in the employee duties and responsibilities As soon as possible to prevent any accidents Supervisor of the storage room has the duty to inspect the store room. Supervisor should make it clear to all his employees about the possible accidents that can occur if the storage room is not properly spaced. 7) Atrium Hot Tub Fence Mend/Replace the fence. Hire carpenter to come take measurements Tear down fence. Erect this new fence in its place. Ensure protective clothing such as gloves and booths are worn Engineering Control Contact Personal Protective Equipment $120 – $600 The Employer should be responsible for this since it involves funding. 1st May The supervisor has to ensure that this recommendation is implemented 8) Kitchen and Storage Room Large Tables not placed properly Tables should be removed from the wall and placed in an area where no can have direct contact with it. Engineering control Pre contact No cost The worker and the supervisor As soon as possible The supervisor 9) Kitchen and Storage room Heavy Tray (Work Practice Hazard) Tray has to be moved and kept it in as safe place. Preferably it should be stored securely in a shelve or cupboard to prevent it from falling Engineering Control Pre control No cost It is part of the employee who is responsible in maintenance of the Storage room cleanliness. As soon as possible It is the duty of the head of the storage room (supervisor) employee to inspect at least once every day. It’s the responsibility that should be assigned the employee by the Employer. Other Recommendations and Best Practices: To ensure that health and safety is maintained to its maximum standard, the JHSC should ensure that regularly inspections are carried out at least once every 3months (WSIB, 2003). Importantly it is recommended that the kitchen and storage area be redesigned and organised to improve health and safety. The main reason, tools and others materials are not kept properly is due to lack of space in this work station. Also Administrative control such as training should be giving to employees especially those who work in the kitchen and storage area, they should be thought on safe ways to organize and plan their work.

Jeanne Lewis at Steples

Harvard Business School 9-400-065 Rev. July 24, 2000 Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc. (A) (Abridged) op YO INC Six months from now, on February 1, 1998, Jeanne Lewis (HBS '92) would become the senior vice president of marketing at Staples, Inc. (Staples), a nationwide office supplies superstore. After 10 months working side by side with Todd Krasnow, the current executive vice president of marketing, Lewis was becoming familiar with the department. Her initial assessment led her to wonder if the department's operating style was suited to evolving competitive realities.As KrasnoWs heir apparent, Lewis anted to be involved in shaping the department's priorities for the upcoming year. The strategic planning process traditionally began around this time in August, and Lewis wondered if the time to start taking action had arrived. Thus far, 1997 had been a trying year for the company: the Federal Trade Commission had challenged Staples' proposed merger with Office Depot, and the two companies had recently abandoned 10 months of merger efforts.At that time, Chairman and CEO Tom Stemberg reaffirmed his commitment that Staples would grow from a $5 billion company to a $10 billion company by the turn of the century. Staples not only had to grow bigger, it also had to grow better, as analysts had become accustomed to the company's 14 consecutive quarters of earnings-per-share growth in excess of 30%. The theme of the upcoming year was twofold: strong growth and more effective execution. c Lewis believed that Stembergs pronouncement to look for the â€Å"silver lining† in the failed merger and to take to heart the lessons of the merger could serve as a call to action for the marketing department. Marketing, which served as both an architect and driver of the brand, would play a critical role in Staples' continued success. Lewis knew that Staples could survive only if it was prepared to get rid of outmoded ideas and replace them with new ones†a philosophy shared b y Krasnow. But Lewis also knew that it could be trigntening to give up the ideas that nad made the company successful.Furthermore, the marketing staff was understandably apprehensive about KrasnoWs planned departure, and many were already mourning his loss. Lewis explained: No While the merger distractions were going on, things that maybe should have been dealt with, weren't. Now, I wanted to make it clear that a new person was coming on oard in this area, and fgure out how we could get back to business. We needed to refocus on building our business, because it was as competitive as ever, and we had lost a couple of beats in a few marketing areas while busy with the merger.We were at a turning point in the marketing department, as opposed to being long past it. Because of the confluence of external events as well as our own internal complexity, if we didn't change, then I was concerned it would start to show eventually in sales. Research Associate Jennifer M. Suesse prepared this ca se under the supervision of Professor Linda A. Hill as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. It is an abridged version of an earlier case, â€Å"Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc. (A),† HBS No. 499-041, prepared by Research Associate Kristin C.Doughty under the supervision of Professor Linda A. Hill. Some names have been disguised. Copyright 2000 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-800-545-7685, write Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http://www. hbsp. harvard. edu. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means†electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise†without the permission of Harvard Business School. This document is authorized for use only by Harutyun Gevorgyan at HE OTHER until November 2014. Copying or posting is an infringement of copyright. [email  protected] harvard. edu or 617. 783. 7860. 400-065 Lewis knew the marketing department's role in ensuring success was twofold: maintaining the delicate balance between meeting short-term financial objectives ith appropriate promotional tactics and building customer loyalty and retention witn an ettective marketing strategy; and investigating ways to leverage Staples' brand and broaden its franchise.She also had specific questions about some of the department's structures, systems, and staffing. She was eager to get started, but recognized the risks of doing too much, too fast: My style is that I want things to happen quickly. When I see things†either a new problem someone has never had to fgure out before, or where theyVe Just had a different sense of timing†I Jump in and say, â€Å"here's the way to do it,† and that makes hange happen quickly. But that could l imit my ability to work across and with the organization.I could end up spending too much time managing down and not enough time making broader, more expansive impact by managing across the organization as well. Staples' Background (1985-1991)1 In 1985, Tom Stemberg (HBS '73), known for his marketing sa'. n. y and innovations in the staid supermarket industry (as vice president of sales at Star Market, and president of First National Supermarket), pioneered the concept of the office supplies superstore. A â€Å"Toys ‘R' Us† of office supplies, â€Å"Staples, the Office Superstore† would provide completeness, convenience, informed assistance as well as attractive prices†¦ overing everything from coffee to computer software† for the small-business customer. 2 Initial customer research indicated that most small businesses did not track their total expenditures for office products closely, nor were they aware that they were paying on average 40% more for t hem than large corporations. To communicate the savings and increased convenience of its new way of procuring office supplies, Staples' management was prepared to invest heavily in marketing. Staples' message would emphasize discounts and convenience, leaving customers free from the hassles† of dealing with long lines, order forms, and multiple suppliers.For the pivotal role of director of marketing, Stemberg hired Todd Krasnow, a 28-year- old HBS graduate who had worked in marketing at Star Market with Stembergs new VP of operations. In the early days, Stembergs team of five (himself, Krasnow, CFO, VP of operations, VP of merchandising) each had their own primary spheres of responsibility, but they all worked very closely together, doing whatever it took to get the Job done. They began the mornings with a 7:00 0'clock meeting, reconvened for a orking lunch, and generally worked through the evening until 10:00 0'clock.

Pran Group Swot Analysis

PRAN  stands for  Program for  Rural  Advancement  Nationally. The largest fruit and vegetable processing industry in Bangladesh with countrywide distribution network AMCL’s  PRAN  is an established brand of Bangladesh with an extensive sales force all over the country. PRAN  have a well-developed infrastructure for production, sales and distribution. PRAN  has proven itself as –  Local product but of international standard. . Goals: †¢ Quality maintenance and improvement. †¢ Satisfied customers. †¢ Hold on to the current customers and again gain customer loyalty. †¢ Gain competitive advantage over all the competitors. To double sales and expand production capacity every 7-8 years. †¢ To become one of the biggest names in international fruit and vegetable processing industry Scope: The market of soft drinks and beverage is very competitive. We may say that as a strong market. This project paper is prepared as a marketing plan of a product of AMCL which brand name is PRAN. Methodology: To prepare this report, standard methods of report writing have been used. For writing this report different types of data were needed to complete, tabulate and analyze. The required data were collected by using secondary sources.For collecting data from secondary sources, go through various web sites. After completion of the data, these were sorted into different categories. Limitation: The study suffered a number of limitations: 1. Lack of the part of experience of the researchers. 2. Unconfirmed accuracy of certain information acquired. 3. Lack of information from the primary source. 4. The comparisons may not be effective enough. 5. Lack of time for preparing the report. Source of data: Our source of data is internet, other company profile, published magazine by other company etc. e also collect information from our experience. Current market analysis: According to the information from different sources â€Å"Pranâ₠¬  is now the market leader in the juice sector of soft drinks market. After Pran, frutika, fruto are in the position. Most market shares are now holding by AMCL (Pran), next frutika and then fruto. Product Review: Among many of their products  PRAN’s  main product is their fruit juice and fruit drinks, which is very popular among the existing market. The product line is: †¢ Fruit juice in glass bottle (returnable): It is hygienically produced by state-of-the-art machinery.Available in  mango flavor, made from fresh local ripe mangoes. †¢ Fruit juice in glass bottle (non-returnable): This category of juice is found in non-returnable glass bottle in flavors of  mango, guava and orange. †¢ Fruit juice in aseptic pack: Available flavors in this category are:  mango, lemon, orange, pineapple, guava and mango-pine. †¢ Fruit juice in can: The fruit juices in cans are hygienically produced by state-of-the-art machine from flavors of  mango, orange an d guava. Review of competitors: Currently there are so many juice companies in our country. Among them pran is the leader of juice sector in Bangladesh.Except pran, Lemu, Mojo, RC cola, Pepsi, URO Cola, Virgin, Fruti, Coca cola, 7up, Tiger. Shezan Juice, Rasna. Review of distribution: Pran primarily use existing distributors for distributing their product  Pran Juice  then; they make some new channels and assign some distributors to promote their product to all over the country. So pran deal with this chain: Manufacturer >   Wholesaler>  Ã‚   Retailer>   Customer Figure: Distribution Channel Company using mobile shop in the shopping malls, offices and crowded areas so that people can purchase the product easily when they like to consume.We will make our consumer by  Value Delivery Network. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: †¢ Government support:  Being the biggest local force in the industry AMCL always had government by its side. Government has been supporting  PRAN  in many ways like subsidies, export subsidies, tariffs on foreign competitors etc. †¢ First mover’s advantage: PRAN  entered the market when the product was still very new to the consumers and there was little or no presence of any other local companies with such investment. Therefore  PRAN  had the first mover’s advantage which they are still enjoying till now. Internal strength:  AMCL has a very powerful management team to guide a strong gigantic workforce. Despite its huge size  PRAN  has been able to maintain labor productivity and increasing sales. Its labor productivity is twice as much as any other local company in the market (Not foreign companies). †¢ Market share: PRAN  AMCL has a great competitive advantage over the other competitors. As mentioned earlier it is the largest fruit and vegetable processing industry in Bangladesh and holds the biggest share in markets in Bangladesh among the local companies.PRAN  has the largest sales in fruit drinks after Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. Weaknesses: †¢ External threats:  Too much competition from international organizations, for example Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, RC-Cola, Virgin Cola, Rasna (India), Shezan (Pakistan) etc. †¢ Internal weaknesses:  Large size of the business and workforce makes it difficult to manage perfectly. As a result it often causes internal conflict. Opportunities †¢ Existing competitor of the current market is not that much strong which the pran company has. †¢ Pran can be export to other countries. †¢ Existing distribution channel is being used. High growth rate in this industry. Threats †¢ Competitor can produce the same product. †¢ Downward pressure on pricing. †¢ Political instability, economy etc. †¢ New innovation from other competitors could be a threat. Marketing Strategy Positioning Pran always try to position their product through image differentiation, because related marketing, and product differ entiation. Pran will use logo and short advertisement so that people can consistently see the advertisement so the product will occupy a clear, distinctive, and desirable place in the mind of the consumer relative to competitors’ product.Pran will use USP (Unique Selling Proposition) for their product. To do brand differences that make a better differentiation or that has the potential to create company costs as well as customer benefits. A difference is worth establishing to the extent that it satisfies the following criteria. †¢ O Important †¢ O Distinctive †¢ O Superior †¢ O Communicable †¢ O Affordable and Profitable Marketing Mix: Our marketing mixes for the product  Pran  are Product Marketing: For launching a product in the market, there is some procedure that should be followed by every marketer to move in the long run.Our product will enable our customers to have a different experience to try our juice. They will be able to differentiate our product in quality which is unique in the soft drinks market. They will not be able to feel the same way for the other soft drinks in the market. Pricing Strategies: We shall charge based on â€Å"Overhead Expenses† and â€Å"Cost Plus†. Overhead Expenses include rent, gas and electricity, business telephone calls, packing and shipping supplies, delivery and freight charges, cleaning, insurance, office supplies, postage, payroll taxes, repairs, and maintenance.The accuracy of our costing will depend on estimating logical amounts for all categories of expenses. We have to list all overhead expense items and total they divide the total overhead figure by the number of items per month (or time period we used above). The answer is our overhead per item: Overhead + Materials + Labor = Total Cost/Item From the market research, we received the following- Company Name  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Price Fruti(250ml)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   15 Mojo (250ml)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   15 Pran(250 ml)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   15 Table: Price of different brands.We want to charge 250 ml Pran soft drinks at the selling price of Tk. 14. On the other hand, the prices for Pran soft drinks are to be charged for 500 ml Tk. 32, for 1000 ml Tk. 60. Place or Distribution: We will primarily use our existing distributors for distributing our new product  Pran Juice  then; we will make some new channels and assign some distributors to promote our product to all over the country. We are using mobile shop in the shopping malls, offices and crowded areas so that people can purchase the product easily when they like to consume.We will make our consumer by  Value Delivery Network. Advertising and Promotion: The most successful advertising will be throu gh  BTV, NTV, Channel I, ATN  Bangla and RTV  which are the most popular television channels in the country. We will also use some bill-boards and leaflets and we will hold a sport event to promote the product. We will also use our experience so that we can create attention to the customers. Target market Our main target market people are the young ages people who like to drink juice very much. Mostly the school going students and the children.Beside that we also focus the young generation people. Although our main target market is young people but we also prefer the people of adult and old ages people. Forecast and Financial analysis: it just a hypothetical forecasting and financial analysis- The brands of â€Å"Pran Juice†Ã‚  will be introduced in September. We make an action program for the next four months. And we believe that, if our four month action programs will run well, then we will achieve our goals easily. June: In June we will arrange meeting with our suppl iers, dealers.And talk about our new product’s quality, product development etc. Our product is low involvement and buyers show habitual buying behavior. Then we will start production new Pran Juice. July: After meeting with the dealers we will provide sample Pran Juice to our customers for getting publicity. On the other hand we will give advertise of our new product in the Television, Radio, Bill Board, Banners, and in the Poster. Then we will launch our product in to the market. In the primary stage we will produce 250ml and 500ml can. August:After doing our successful operations of two month, at the third month we give extra benefits to the dealers and sellers to improve our sales. We will give small toys; arrange game. Observing the situations, at this stage we will produce 250ml can, and 500ml can for the consumers. In this month we will start to produce 1000ml can. And this month our product will be available in almost every shop of the country. September: In our last month of action program, if situation will favorable then we go for Divisional dealers to distribute to the whole country.Observing and analyzing we take necessary actions to develop product sales and increase our profit. In this way we will continue our production and give a particular image to the mind of every customer. Budget: This section will offer a financial overview four company as it relates to our marketing activities. We have shown break-even information. Sales Forecast: The sales forecast is broken down into the three main revenue streams; direct  Ã‚  Ã‚   sales, Web sales, consignment sales. The sale forecast for the upcoming year is based on 30% growth rate.Growth rate for year 2006 to 2010 are based on percentage increases as follows: †¢ Direct sales 20% growth rate per year †¢ Web sales 50% growth rate per year. †¢ Consignment sales 20% growth rate year. [pic] Profit/loss: January 31,2011, AMCL(PRAN) As per un-audited half yearly accounts as on 31. 12. 10 (July’10 to Dec’10), the company has reported net profit after tax of Tk. 19. 44 million with EPS of Tk. 24. 29 as against Tk. 17. 05 million and Tk. 21. 31 respectively for the same period of the previous year. Control: Our control depends on the customer satisfaction.If customer demand different things with which they feel comfortable, then we simply change our controlling techniques. Conclusion: We all know that, today’s fast moving world respect the new, innovative ideas. To keep the same pace with this situation our company had decided to launch a Juice and it has a bright future in its market. As the product is innovative, the consumers are going product will be a strong product mix for our company. And once our  Juice  will reach to the hand of our targeted customers, we will be able to capture the most market shares.